Formulation of Time Series Vegetation Index from Indian Geostationary Satellite and Comparison with Global Product

To study impact of climate change on vegetation time series vegetation index has a vital role to know the behaviour of vegetation dynamics over a time period. INSAT 3A CCD (Charged Couple Device) is the only geostationary sensor to acquire regular coverage of Asia continent at 1 km × 1 km spatial resolution with high temporal frequency (half-an-hour). A formulation of surface reflectances in red, near infrared (NIR), short wave infrared (SWIR) and NDVI from INSAT 3A CCD has been defined and integrated in the operational chain. The atmospheric correction of at-sensor reflectances using SMAC (Simple Model for Atmospheric Correction) model improved the NDVI by 5–40% and also increased its dynamic range. The temporal dynamics of 16-day NDVI composite at 0500 GMT for a growing year (June 2008–March 2009) showed matching profiles with reference to global products (MODIS TERRA) over known land targets. The root mean square deviation (RMSD) between the two was 0.14 with correlation coefficient (r) 0.84 from 200 paired datasets. This inter-sensor cross-correlation would help in NDVI calibration to add continuity in long term NDVI database for climate change studies.

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