Automatic Collision Avoidance Systems : Towards 21 st Century

More than about sixty per cent of casualties at sea are caused by collisions ref.1. So the results from the solution to this problem is the most urgent issue that we must face. Many measures have already been developed, but the ACAS will be new and possibly one of the most effective. A large proportion of accidents are caused by human error and the right approach to automation could help to reduce the number of accidents ref.2.

[1]  Hiroki Iwasaki,et al.  A FUZZY REASONING MODEL TO DECIDE THE COLLISION AVOIDANCE ACTION , 1986 .

[2]  C. T. Stockel,et al.  Manoeuvring Times, Domains and Arenas , 1983 .

[3]  Kazuhiko Hasegawa,et al.  AUTOMATIC COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM FOR SHIPS USING FUZZY CONTROL , 1987 .

[4]  F. Coenen,et al.  KBS in Marine Collision Avoidance , 1991 .

[5]  J. D. Holmes.  A Statistical Study of Factors Affecting Navigation Decision-making , 1980 .

[6]  Philip A. Wilson,et al.  The uncertainty and uncoordination of mariners' behaviour in collision avoidance at sea , 1995 .

[7]  Elisabeth M. Goodwin,et al.  A Statistical Study of Ship Domains , 1973, Journal of Navigation.

[8]  T Yamamoto,et al.  APPLICATION OF FUZZY THEORY IN SHIP'S COLLISION AVOIDANCE OPERATION , 1990 .

[9]  P. V. Davis,et al.  A Computer Simulation of Marine Traffic Using Domains and Arenas , 1980, Journal of Navigation.

[10]  H Matsumura,et al.  BASIC RESEARCH ON AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR NAVIGATION AT SEA - COLLISION AVOIDANCE EXPERT SYSTEM , 1987 .

[11]  Takeo Koyama,et al.  A fuzzy control for adjusting the schedule of a ship at waterway intersections , 1984 .

[12]  M. K. James.  Modelling the decision process in computer simulation of ship navigation , 1986 .

[13]  G K Blackwell,et al.  ONBOARD SYSTEMS FOR AUTOMATIC SHIP GUIDANCE AND INTELLIGENT COLLISION AVOIDANCE , 1990 .

[14]  J. F. Kemp.  Behaviour Patterns in Encounters between Ships , 1973 .

[15]  Donald H. Taylor.  UNCERTAINTY IN COLLISION AVOIDANCE MANOEUVRING , 1990 .

[16]  Justus R. Riek.  COLLISION AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOUR AND UNCERTAINTY , 1978 .

[17]  Hayama Imazu,et al.  The Determination of Collision Avoidance Action , 1984 .

[18]  G. P. Smeaton,et al.  THE ELECTRONIC CHART IN THE INTEGRATED BRIDGE: AN EMERGING TECHNOLOGY AT SEA , 1992 .