Limb reduction in squamate reptiles correlates with the reduction of the chondrocranium: A case study on serpentiform anguids

In vertebrates, the skull evolves from a complex network of dermal bones and cartilage—the latter forming the pharyngeal apparatus and the chondrocranium. Squamates are particularly important in this regard as they maintain at least part of the chondrocranium throughout their whole ontogeny until adulthood. Anguid lizards represent a unique group of squamates, which contains limbed and limbless forms and show conspicuous variation of the adult skull.

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