This
report
offers
a
selection
of
projects
that
account
for
an
emerging
movement
that
is
not
what
often
is
described
as citizen
science
but
what
we
designate
here
by
do
it
yourself
science.
The
report
accounts
for
private
or
community
based initiatives
that
use
scientific
methods
combined
with
other
forms
of
enquiry
to
engage
with
techno-‐scientific
issues
and societal
challenges.
The
first
section
of
the
report
focuses
on
what
is
usually
described
as
citizen
science
where
in
most cases
projects
are
led
by
institutions,
such
as
universities
or
other
research
institutions,
which
organise,
call
or
promote different
forms
of
citizen
involvement
in
their
endeavours.
The
second
part
of
the
report
looks
into
developments
in
what
is designated
as
do
it
yourself
science.
It
outlines
developments
in
this
deeper
form
of
engagement
of
citizenry
with
techno-‐ science,
where
the
DIY
scientist
appears
as
someone
who
tinkers,
hacks,
fixes,
recreates
and
assembles
objects
and
systems in
creative
and
unexpected
directions,
usually
using
open-‐source
tools
and
adhering
to
open
paradigms
to
share
knowledge and
outputs
with
others.
We
also
observe
that
although
these
movements
link
well
with
other
changes
of
the
scientific endeavour,
such
as
open
science,
the
‘do
it
yourself’
movement
takes
us
to
another
dimension
of
engagement,
of
greater agency
and
transformative
power
of
research
and
innovation.
We
conclude
that
Irwin’s
imagination
of
a
citizen
science
is gradually
emerging,
at
the
moment
materialised
in
the
on-‐going
DIY
science
movement
and
others
alike.
The
European Commission
should
seize
such
momentum
as
well. From
Citizen
Science
to
Do
It
Yourself Science An
annotated
account
of
an
on-‐going
trend Susana
Nascimento Ângela
Guimarães
Pereira Alessia
Ghezzi The
opinions
expressed
in
this
document
are
sole
of
the
authors
and
can
never
be
attributed
to
the
European Commission. Nascimento,
Guimarães
Pereira
and
Ghezzi 2
–
Citizen
Science
||
DIY
Science
||
Open
Science Nascimento,
Guimarães
Pereira
and
Ghezzi 3
–
Citizen
Science
||
DIY
Science
||
Open
Science Table
of
Contents SUMMARY
.............................................................................................................
4 INTRODUCTION
......................................................................................................
5 1
CITIZEN
SCIENCE
..................................................................................................
7 1.1
Mapping
Meanings
...................................................................................................................................
9 1.2
Projects,
Platforms
and
APPs
–
a
selection
...................................................................................
14 Platforms
.........................................................................................................................................................................
22 Apps
...................................................................................................................................................................................
26 1.3
Some
reflections
.....................................................................................................................................
26 2.
DIY
SCIENCE
......................................................................................................
30 2.1
What
is
a
DIY
scientist?
........................................................................................................................
30 2.2
Controversies
and
ethical
issues
......................................................................................................
32 2.3
The
particular
case
of
DIYbio
............................................................................................................
35 DIYbio
safety
and
security
.......................................................................................................................................
36 DIYbio
ethics
..................................................................................................................................................................
37 DIYbio
governance
......................................................................................................................................................
39 2.4
DIY
Projects
–
a
selection
....................................................................................................................
42 3.
TRENDS
AND
REFLECTIONS
...............................................................................
48 4.
REFERENCES
&
BIBLIOGRAPHY
..........................................................................
51 4.1
Citizen
Science
........................................................................................................................................
51 4.2
DIY
Science
...............................................................................................................................................
61 ANNEX
1
...............................................................................................................
63 Nascimento,
Guimarães
Pereira
and
Ghezzi 4
–
Citizen
Science
||
DIY
Science
||
Open
Science Summary This
report
has
been
prepared
at
request
of
DG
RTD
for
the
initiative
on
Science
2.0
and
it was
part
of
the
background
information
for
the
Validation
Workshop
organised
by
DG
RTD on
Citizen
Science
held
in
Bucharest
on
20
November
2014.
Besides
a
review
of
citizen science
projects,
this
report
offers
a
selection
of
initiatives
that
account
for
an
emerging movement
that
is
not
what
often
is
described
as
citizen
science
but
what
we
designate
here by
do
it
yourself
science.
Hence,
it
traces
a
movement
of
co-‐existing
initiatives
where
citizens get
involved
in
science
and
technology
producing
knowledge
in
different
fields
traditionally dealt
with
by
science.
We
start
by
looking
at
the
meanings
that
citizen
science
has
acquired throughout
the
practice
in
different
fields
and
the
development
of
information
technologies, which
we
consider
pivotal
in
the
change
of
meanings
and
agency
with
which
citizens
engage with
science
and
technology
developments. The
first
section
of
the
report
focuses
on
what
is
usually
described
as
citizen
science
where
in most
cases
projects
are
led
by
institutions,
such
as
universities
or
other
research
institutions, which
organise,
call
or
promote
different
forms
of
citizen
involvement
in
their
endeavours. Through
an
extensive
literature
review
of
projects
where
citizens
have
been
involved
under what
is
called
citizen
science
and
do
it
yourself
science,
we
give
an
account
of
authors’ perspectives
with
regards
to
such
experiences;
yet,
another
type
of
analysis
would
be required
instead
to
capture
the
experience
of
citizens. The
second
part
of
the
report
looks
into
developments
in
what
is
designated
as
do
it
yourself science.
It
outlines
developments
in
this
deeper
form
of
engagement
of
citizenry
with techno-‐science,
where
the
DIY
scientist
appears
as
someone
who
tinkers,
hacks,
fixes, recreates
and
assembles
objects
and
systems
in
creative
and
unexpected
directions,
usually using
open-‐source
tools
and
adhering
to
open
paradigms
to
share
knowledge
and
outputs with
others.
The
report
accounts
for
private
or
community
based
initiatives
that
use scientific
methods
combined
with
other
forms
of
enquiry
to
engage
with
techno-‐scientific issues
and
societal
challenges. This
report
does
not
give
exact
numbers
about
the
development
of
these
movements,
as
we have
relied
on
what
is
indexed
through
different
Internet
search
engines
and
we
cannot ensure
that
we
have
not
missed
out
some
projects.
Hence,
th