Map Dimensionality and Frame of Reference for Terminal Area Navigation Displays: Where Do We Go from Here?

Abstract : The purpose of this study was to examine and compare a more radical design of instrument approach plates with a more traditional representation. Thirty subjects, 25 males and 5 females, were divided into two groups of fifteen for assignment to the map frame of reference condition (fixed or rotating maps). Each subject flew eight landing approaches, four with the two-dimensional display and four with the three-dimensional display. Subjects were given two primary tasks: fly the aircraft to minimize flight path deviations, and answer questions related to measures of situations awareness.

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