A Population-Genetic Perspective on the Similarities and Differences among Worldwide Human Populations

Abstract 1Recent studies have produced a variety of advances in the investigation of genetic similarities and differences among human populations. Here, I pose a series of questions about human population-genetic similarities and differences, and I then answer these questions by numerical computation with a single shared population-genetic data set. The collection of answers obtained provides an introductory perspective for understanding key results on the features of worldwide human genetic variation.

[1]  John Novembre,et al.  Perspectives on human population structure at the cusp of the sequencing era. , 2011, Annual review of genomics and human genetics.

[2]  V. Colonna,et al.  Human genome diversity: frequently asked questions. , 2010, Trends in genetics : TIG.

[3]  M. Jakobsson,et al.  Explaining worldwide patterns of human genetic variation using a coalescent-based serial founder model of migration outward from Africa , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[4]  Noah A. Rosenberg,et al.  ADZE: a rarefaction approach for counting alleles private to combinations of populations , 2008, Bioinform..

[5]  M. Feldman,et al.  Worldwide Human Relationships Inferred from Genome-Wide Patterns of Variation , 2008 .

[6]  Jérôme Goudet,et al.  Going the distance: human population genetics in a clinal world. , 2007, Trends in genetics : TIG.

[7]  N. Rosenberg,et al.  A private allele ubiquitous in the Americas , 2007, Biology Letters.

[8]  N. Rosenberg,et al.  Standardized Subsets of the HGDP‐CEPH Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel, Accounting for Atypical and Duplicated Samples and Pairs of Close Relatives , 2006, Annals of human genetics.

[9]  D. Conrad,et al.  A worldwide survey of haplotype variation and linkage disequilibrium in the human genome , 2006, Nature Genetics.

[10]  Michael F. Hammer,et al.  Reconstructing human origins in the genomic era , 2006, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[11]  M. Feldman,et al.  Clines, Clusters, and the Effect of Study Design on the Inference of Human Population Structure , 2005, PLoS genetics.

[12]  Sohini Ramachandran,et al.  Support from the relationship of genetic and geographic distance in human populations for a serial founder effect originating in Africa. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[13]  L. Cavalli-Sforza.  The Human Genome Diversity Project: past, present and future , 2005, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[14]  D. Swallow.  Human Evolutionary Genetics: Origins, Peoples & Disease , 2004, Journal of Medical Genetics.

[15]  S. Kalinowski.  Counting Alleles with Rarefaction: Private Alleles and Hierarchical Sampling Designs , 2004, Conservation Genetics.

[16]  C. Tyler-Smith,et al.  Human Evolutionary Genetics , 2004 .

[17]  M. Feldman,et al.  Robustness of the inference of human population structure: A comparison of X-chromosomal and autosomal microsatellites , 2004, Human Genomics.

[18]  N. Rosenberg.  distruct: a program for the graphical display of population structure , 2003 .

[19]  R. Ward,et al.  Informativeness of genetic markers for inference of ancestry. , 2003, American journal of human genetics.

[20]  Sarah A Tishkoff,et al.  Patterns of human genetic diversity: implications for human evolutionary history and disease. , 2003, Annual review of genomics and human genetics.

[21]  J. Long,et al.  Human Genetic Diversity and the Nonexistence of Biological Races , 2003, Human biology.

[22]  A W F Edwards,et al.  Human genetic diversity: Lewontin's fallacy. , 2003, BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology.

[23]  M. Stephens,et al.  Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: linked loci and correlated allele frequencies. , 2003, Genetics.

[24]  M. Feldman,et al.  Response to Comment on "Genetic Structure of Human Populations" , 2003, Science.

[25]  L. Excoffier,et al.  Comment on "Genetic Structure of Human Populations" , 2003, Science.

[26]  M. Feldman,et al.  Features of evolution and expansion of modern humans, inferred from genomewide microsatellite markers. , 2003, American journal of human genetics.

[27]  M. Feldman,et al.  The application of molecular genetic approaches to the study of human evolution , 2003, Nature Genetics.

[28]  M. Feldman,et al.  Genetic Structure of Human Populations , 2002, Science.

[29]  V. Macaulay.  Genetics and the Search for Modern Human Origins , 2002, Heredity.

[30]  Jonathan Scott Friedlaender,et al.  A Human Genome Diversity Cell Line Panel , 2002, Science.

[31]  W S Watkins,et al.  Population genomics: a bridge from evolutionary history to genetic medicine. , 2001, Human molecular genetics.

[32]  P. Donnelly,et al.  Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. , 2000, Genetics.

[33]  L. Noble,et al.  Microsatellites — Evolution and Applications , 1999, Heredity.

[34]  J. Ott.  Genetic data analysis II , 1997 .

[35]  L. Cavalli-Sforza,et al.  Multilocus genotypes, a tree of individuals, and human evolutionary history. , 1997, American journal of human genetics.

[36]  B. Ripley,et al.  Modern Applied Statistics with S-Plus. , 1996 .

[37]  L. Cavalli-Sforza,et al.  High resolution of human evolutionary trees with polymorphic microsatellites , 1994, Nature.

[38]  M. Nei.  Molecular Evolutionary Genetics , 1987 .

[39]  S. Hurlbert.  The Nonconcept of Species Diversity: A Critique and Alternative Parameters. , 1971, Ecology.

[40]  Rama S. Singh,et al.  Thinking about evolution : historical, philosophical, and political perspectives , 2011 .

[41]  T. Weaver,et al.  New developments in the genetic evidence for modern human origins , 2008 .

[42]  G. Armelagos,et al.  Apportionment of racial diversity: A review , 2001 .

[43]  H. Harpending,et al.  Genetic perspectives on human origins and differentiation. , 2000, Annual review of genomics and human genetics.

[44]  Joanna L. Mountain,et al.  Molecular evolution and modern human origins , 1998 .

[45]  R. Lewontin.  The Apportionment of Human Diversity , 1972 .