Melatonin and 1-Methylcyclopropene Improve the Postharvest Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of ‘Youhou’ Sweet Persimmons during Cold Storage

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify the effects of 100 μM melatonin (MT), 1 μL/L 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), and their combination treatments on the postharvest characteristics, nutritional quality, and antioxidant capacity of ‘Youhou’ persimmons during cold storage at 0°C. Compared with the control fruit, all three treatments suppressed ethylene production and respiration rate, leading to delayed softening, reduced peel discoloration, and soluble solid content loss. These treatments increased plasma membrane stability by inhibiting lipoxygenase activity and decreasing H2O2, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde concentrations, resulting in higher tolerance to chilling injury (CI). At the end of storage, the CI index of fruit treated with MT, 1-MCP, and MT+1-MCP respectively exhibited 54.67%, 14.57%, and 5.54%, which were significantly lower than the control ones (78.36%). In addition, the phenolics, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid contents were also improved by the above treatments, which contributed to higher antioxidant activity than the control fruit at the late stage of storage. The combination of MT and 1-MCP treatment was more effective in improving the postharvest quality and preserving high antioxidant ability levels than either treatment alone, indicating a promising measure to preserve sweet persimmons up to 70 d.

[1]  M. Saleem,et al.  Postharvest application of gum arabic edible coating delays ripening and maintains quality of persimmon fruits during storage , 2020 .

[2]  S. Gorinstein,et al.  Characterization of Bioactive Ligands with Antioxidant Properties of Kiwifruit and Persimmon Cultivars Using In Vitro and in Silico Studies , 2020, Applied Sciences.

[3]  Yuyu Nan,et al.  Modified atmosphere packaging and 1-methylcyclopropene alleviate chilling injury of ‘Youhou’ sweet persimmon during cold storage , 2020, Food Packaging and Shelf Life.

[4]  M. Rahimzadeh,et al.  Effects of melatonin treatment on the biochemical changes and antioxidant enzyme activity of mango fruit during storage , 2020 .

[5]  N. Mantri,et al.  An effective combination storage technology to prolong storability, preserve high nutrients and antioxidant ability of astringent persimmon , 2018, Scientia Horticulturae.

[6]  Lili Xu,et al.  Melatonin promotes ripening of grape berry via increasing the levels of ABA, H2O2, and particularly ethylene , 2018, Horticulture Research.

[7]  M. Rasouli,et al.  Influence of Storage Temperature, Hot Water, and 1-Mcp Treatments on the Postharvest Quality of ῾Karaj᾿ Persimmon , 2018 .

[8]  Lingfei Xu,et al.  Melatonin limited ethylene production, softening and reduced physiology disorder in pear (Pyrus communis L.) fruit during senescence , 2018 .

[9]  Changhong Liu,et al.  Effects of melatonin treatment on the postharvest quality of strawberry fruit , 2018 .

[10]  W. Cao,et al.  Melatonin treatment reduces chilling injury in peach fruit through its regulation of membrane fatty acid contents and phenolic metabolism. , 2018, Food chemistry.

[11]  F. Razavi,et al.  Effect of calcium lactate in combination with hot water treatment on the nutritional quality of persimmon fruit during cold storage , 2018 .

[12]  J. Rao,et al.  Oxalic acid and 1-methylcyclopropene alleviate chilling injury of ‘Youhou’ sweet persimmon during cold storage , 2018 .

[13]  Jiankang Cao,et al.  Near-freezing temperature storage prolongs storage period and improves quality and antioxidant capacity of nectarines , 2018 .

[14]  Ziming Shen,et al.  Melatonin increases chilling tolerance in postharvest peach fruit by alleviating oxidative damage , 2018, Scientific Reports.

[15]  Yan Ding,et al.  Flavonoids from persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in PC-3 cells by activation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis. , 2017, Chemico-biological interactions.

[16]  Byung-Kwan Cho,et al.  A Transcriptome Approach Toward Understanding Fruit Softening in Persimmon , 2017, Front. Plant Sci..

[17]  F. Palma,et al.  Oxidative Stress Associated with Chilling Injury in Immature Fruit: Postharvest Technological and Biotechnological Solutions , 2017, International journal of molecular sciences.

[18]  B. Liu,et al.  Exogenous melatonin ameliorates cold-induced damage in tomato plants , 2017 .

[19]  Qiuyan Ban,et al.  Effect of nitric oxide treatment on chilling injury, antioxidant enzymes and expression of the CmCBF1 and CmCBF3 genes in cold-stored Hami melon (Cucumis melo L.) fruit , 2017 .

[20]  Morteza Soleimani Aghdam,et al.  Melatonin treatment attenuates postharvest decay and maintains nutritional quality of strawberry fruits (Fragaria×anannasa cv. Selva) by enhancing GABA shunt activity. , 2017, Food chemistry.

[21]  M. T. Lafuente,et al.  Pectic and Galacturonic Acid Oligosaccharides on the Postharvest Performance of Citrus Fruits , 2017 .

[22]  Haijun Zhang,et al.  A label‐free differential proteomics analysis reveals the effect of melatonin on promoting fruit ripening and anthocyanin accumulation upon postharvest in tomato , 2016, Journal of pineal research.

[23]  W. Cao,et al.  Melatonin treatment delays postharvest senescence and regulates reactive oxygen species metabolism in peach fruit , 2016 .

[24]  Wei Chen,et al.  Exogenous Melatonin Treatment Increases Chilling Tolerance and Induces Defense Response in Harvested Peach Fruit during Cold Storage. , 2016, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[25]  A. Sato,et al.  Persimmon breeding in Japan for pollination-constant non-astringent (PCNA) type with marker-assisted selection , 2016, Breeding science.

[26]  S. Supapvanich,et al.  Quality and bioactive compounds of ripe 'Kluai Nam Wa' and 'Kluai Khai' bananas during storage. , 2016 .

[27]  Weibo Jiang,et al.  Changes in phenolics and antioxidant property of peach fruit during ripening and responses to 1-methylcyclopropene , 2015 .

[28]  Pedro Novillo,et al.  Short-term high CO2 treatment alleviates chilling injury of persimmon cv. Fuyu by preserving the parenchyma structure , 2015 .

[29]  Haijun Zhang,et al.  Roles of melatonin in abiotic stress resistance in plants. , 2015, Journal of experimental botany.

[30]  Pedro Novillo,et al.  Effect of a low oxygen atmosphere combined with 1-MCP pretreatment on preserving the quality of ‘Rojo Brillante’ and ‘Triumph’ persimmon during cold storage , 2014 .

[31]  Umezuruike Linus Opara,et al.  Effect of fruit maturity and growing location on the postharvest contents of flavonoids, phenolic acids, vitamin C and antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice (cv. Wonderful) , 2014 .

[32]  X. Ren,et al.  Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in fruits of six Diospyros kaki genotypes , 2013, European Food Research and Technology.

[33]  Heqiang Lou,et al.  Nondestructive Evaluation of Quality Changes and the Optimum Time for Harvesting During Jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Changhong) Fruits Development , 2012, Food and Bioprocess Technology.

[34]  D. Joyce,et al.  Cold storage duration affects litchi fruit quality, membrane permeability, enzyme activities and energy charge during shelf time at ambient temperature , 2011 .

[35]  Hui Peng,et al.  ABTS•+ scavenging activity of polypyrrole, polyaniline and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) , 2011 .

[36]  L. Zacarías,et al.  Temperature and Ultra Low Oxygen Effects and Involvement of Ethylene in Chilling Injury of ‘Rojo Brillante’ Persimmon Fruit , 2010, Food science and technology international = Ciencia y tecnologia de los alimentos internacional.

[37]  Zhang Yu,et al.  Reduction of chilling injury in sweet persimmon fruit by 1-MCP. , 2010 .

[38]  Y. Gogorcena,et al.  Evaluation of the antioxidant capacity, phenolic compounds, and vitamin C content of different peach and nectarine [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] breeding progenies. , 2009, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[39]  M. Mohamed,et al.  Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of different parts of bambangan (Mangifera pajang) and tarap (Artocarpus odoratissimus) , 2009 .

[40]  M. Ghasemnezhad,et al.  Effect of hot water treatments on chilling injury and heat damage in ‘satsuma’ mandarins: Antioxidant enzymes and vacuolar ATPase, and pyrophosphatase , 2008 .

[41]  A. Salvador,et al.  Effect of controlled atmospheres on maintaining quality of persimmon fruit cv. "Rojo Brillante". , 2007, Journal of food science.

[42]  J. P. Fabi,et al.  Papaya fruit ripening: response to ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). , 2007, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[43]  Zisheng Luo,et al.  Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene on ripening of postharvest persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit , 2007 .

[44]  C. Watkins.  The use of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on fruits and vegetables. , 2006, Biotechnology advances.

[45]  A. Salvador,et al.  1‐MCP Preserves the Firmness of Stored Persimmon ‘Rojo Brillante’ , 2006 .

[46]  Bruce D. McCandliss,et al.  Training, maturation, and genetic influences on the development of executive attention. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[47]  S. Bhattacharjee.  Reactive oxygen species and oxidative burst: Roles in stress, senescence and signal transduction in plants , 2005 .

[48]  I. Recasens,et al.  Oxidative behaviour of Blanquilla pears treated with 1-methylcyclopropene during cold storage , 2004 .

[49]  M. A. D. Rio,et al.  Quality of persimmon fruit cv. Rojo brillante during storage at different temperatures , 2004 .

[50]  R. Tharanathan,et al.  Polysaccharide-based composite coating formulations for shelf-life extension of fresh banana and mango , 2001 .

[51]  Y. Kubo,et al.  Involvement of Stress-induced Ethylene Biosynthesis in Fruit Softening of 'Saijo' Persimmon , 2001 .

[52]  I. Ferguson,et al.  Reduction of chilling injury in the sweet persimmon `Fuyu' during storage by dry air heat treatments , 1997 .

[53]  J J Strain,et al.  The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of "antioxidant power": the FRAP assay. , 1996, Analytical biochemistry.

[54]  C. Berset,et al.  Use of a Free Radical Method to Evaluate Antioxidant Activity , 1995 .

[55]  R. Dhindsa,et al.  Leaf Senescence: Correlated with Increased Levels of Membrane Permeability and Lipid Peroxidation, and Decreased Levels of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase , 1981 .

[56]  J. Lyons.  CHILLING INJURY IN PLANTS , 1973 .