Dependency on Smartphones: An Analysis of Structural Equation Modelling

This study aims to examine the influence of social needs, social influences and convenience of smartphone on students’ dependency on smartphones. A total of 200 completed and usable questionnaires were received from the respondents which comprises of students from one of the public higher education institution in Federal Territory of Labuan, Malaysia by utilizing simple random sampling method where every unit in the population have an equal chance to be selected in the sample. Results via the analysis of structural equation modelling (SEM) show that the relationship between social needs, social influences and convenience of smartphone with dependency on smartphone were supported. The first was found to be the strongest effect. A strong relationship also existed between students’ dependency on smartphone and their purchase behavior. Based on the findings, the implications are discussed in the paper and directions for future research are also highlighted.

[1]  Norazah Mohd Suki,et al.  Mobile phone usage for m‐learning: comparing heavy and light mobile phone users , 2007 .

[2]  David B. Kuhlmeier,et al.  Antecedents to internet‐based purchasing: a multinational study , 2005 .

[3]  Ding Hooi Ting,et al.  Dependency on smartphone and the impact on purchase behaviour , 2011 .

[4]  Andrew Middleton,et al.  Considering the Smartphone Learner: an investigation into student interest in the use of personal technology to enhance their learning , 2012 .

[5]  Gina L. Genova,et al.  The Anywhere Office = Anywhere Liability , 2010 .

[6]  Fred D. Davis.  Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology , 1989, MIS Q..

[7]  Philip J. Auter,et al.  Portable social groups: willingness to communicate, interpersonal communication gratifications, and cell phone use among young adults , 2007, Int. J. Mob. Commun..

[8]  Lei Tian,et al.  Why Does Half the World's Population Have a Mobile Phone? An Examination of Consumers' Attitudes toward Mobile Phones , 2009, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[9]  Biju Issac,et al.  The mobile devices and its mobile learning usage analysis , 2008, IMECS 2008.

[10]  Timo Smura,et al.  A framework for analysing the usage of mobile services , 2009 .

[11]  Eliot R. Smith,et al.  Situating Social Influence Processes: Dynamic, Multidirectional Flows of Influence Within Social Networks , 2007, Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

[12]  Boon Low,et al.  Student attitudes towards mobile library services for smartphones , 2011, Libr. Hi Tech.

[13]  Jengchung V. Chen,et al.  Acceptance and adoption of the innovative use of smartphone , 2007, Ind. Manag. Data Syst..

[14]  Kem-Laurin Kramer,et al.  Effect of smartphone aesthetic design on users' emotional reaction: An empirical study , 2008 .

[15]  C. Fornell,et al.  Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. , 1981 .

[16]  Elias G. Carayannis,et al.  Smartphone Affordance: Achieving Better Business Through Innovation , 2012, Journal of the Knowledge Economy.

[17]  J. Madans,et al.  Results of a cross-national structured cognitive interviewing protocol to test measures of disability , 2011 .

[18]  Chow Mm,et al.  Conceptual Paper: Factors Affecting the Demand of Smartphone among Young Adult , 2012 .

[19]  A. Persaud,et al.  Innovative mobile marketing via smartphones , 2012 .

[20]  J. Hair.  Multivariate data analysis : a global perspective , 2010 .

[21]  Thompson S. H. Teo.  Demographic and motivation variables associated with Internet usage activities , 2001, Internet Res..

[22]  Nancy L. Leech,et al.  A typology of mixed methods research designs , 2009 .

[23]  Shun Han Rebekah Wong.  Which platform do our users prefer: website or mobile app? , 2012 .