A Light Concrete Block Stabilized by Distributed Holes for Submerged Breakwaters

Matsumoto, A., Yamamoto, M. and Mano, A., 2011. A light concrete block stabilized by distributed holes for submerged breakwaters. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 64 (Proceedings of the 11th International Coastal Symposium), ��� – ���. Szczecin, Poland, ISSN 0749-0208 A light concrete block stabilized by distributed holes is proposed. The block has high stability and economical advantage. Wave force measurements are performed to investigate the effect of the size and placement pattern of holes for both horizontal and vertical wave force. Stability tests are conducted to evaluate the stability number for use in the Hudson formula. Stability test results clearly show that the stability of the new flat type armor block is remarkably improved in comparison with the conventional blocks. The new flat type armor block reduces the amount of concrete by 25% and 50% compared with the existing X-shaped block without holes and the existing thickest block examined in this study.