AD3-GLaM: A cooperative distributed QoE-based approach for SVC video streaming over wireless mesh networks

We study the routing problem of scalable video coding video streaming over wireless mesh networks. In contrast to most of the conventional routing algorithms , our proposal focuses on optimizing users' satisfaction. The mean opinion score-an indicator of quality of experience (QoE) in video streaming-is utilized to assess the quality of routes in wireless mesh networks. The objective is to optimize the overall user experience in the network. Conventional routing approaches do not consider QoE and are not optimal with respect to user experience. Moreover, some centralised approaches are not scalable and require significant computational resources. The latter disadvantage can be overcome using distributed approaches. This paper presents a QoE-based cooperative distributed routing approach. Among distributed cooperative optimization schemes, AD 3 is highlighted as one of the most efficient because of its fast convergence. The contributions of this paper are as follows: we encode the original problem into a factor graph and optimize the number of exchanged messages; we propose a partially distributed routing scheme based on OLSR and AD 3 ; and we propose a distributed decoding algorithm in order to find a feasible solution. Our thorough simulation results confirm the advantages of the proposed scheme.

[1]  Henning Schulzrinne,et al.  Towards QoE-aware video streaming using SDN , 2014, 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference.

[2]  Hong Xu,et al.  Unicast-Based Multicast Communication in Wormhole-Routed Networks , 1994, IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst..

[3]  Nikos Komodakis,et al.  MRF Optimization via Dual Decomposition: Message-Passing Revisited , 2007, 2007 IEEE 11th International Conference on Computer Vision.

[4]  Nalini Venkatasubramanian,et al.  Video Dissemination over Hybrid Cellular and Ad Hoc Networks , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[5]  Jie Wu,et al.  TOUR: Time-sensitive Opportunistic Utility-based Routing in delay tolerant networks , 2013, 2013 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM.

[6]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Simultaneous routing and resource allocation via dual decomposition , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[7]  Kandaraj Piamrat,et al.  QoE-Aware Routing for Video Streaming over VANETs , 2014, 2014 IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2014-Fall).

[8]  Bruce E. Hajek,et al.  Link scheduling in polynomial time , 1988, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[9]  Xin Wang,et al.  Machine Learning for Networking: Workflow, Advances and Opportunities , 2017, IEEE Network.

[10]  Xi Fang,et al.  Consort: Node-Constrained Opportunistic Routing in wireless mesh networks , 2011, 2011 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM.

[11]  Scott F. Midkiff,et al.  OLSR-MC: A proactive routing protocol for multi-channel wireless ad-hoc networks , 2006, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2006. WCNC 2006..

[12]  A. Mellouk,et al.  User QoE-based adaptive routing system for future Internet CDN , 2012, 2012 Computing, Communications and Applications Conference.

[13]  Azzedine Boukerche,et al.  A Multipath Video Streaming Solution for Vehicular Networks with Link Disjoint and Node-disjoint , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.

[14]  Haiyun Luo,et al.  UCAN: a unified cellular and ad-hoc network architecture , 2003, MobiCom '03.

[15]  Martin J. Wainwright,et al.  Tree-reweighted belief propagation algorithms and approximate ML estimation by pseudo-moment matching , 2003, AISTATS.

[16]  Jean-Marie Bonnin,et al.  Optimising QoE for Scalable Video multicast over WLAN , 2013, 2013 IEEE 24th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC).

[17]  Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues,et al.  Intelligent Mobile Video Surveillance System as a Bayesian Coalition Game in Vehicular Sensor Networks: Learning Automata Approach , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[18]  A. Laouiti,et al.  Optimized link state routing protocol for ad hoc networks , 2001, Proceedings. IEEE International Multi Topic Conference, 2001. IEEE INMIC 2001. Technology for the 21st Century..

[19]  Lei Guo,et al.  An efficient joint channel assignment and QoS routing protocol for IEEE 802.11 multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks , 2013, J. Netw. Comput. Appl..

[20]  Kandaraj Piamrat,et al.  Video Streaming Over Ad Hoc Networks: A QoE-Based Optimal Routing Solution , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[21]  Tamir Hazan,et al.  Norm-Product Belief Propagation: Primal-Dual Message-Passing for Approximate Inference , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[22]  Daniel Halperin,et al.  Investigation into the Doppler Component of the IEEE 802.11n Channel Model , 2010, 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010.

[23]  Heiko Schwarz,et al.  Overview of the Scalable Video Coding Extension of the H.264/AVC Standard , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology.

[24]  Juan C. Moure,et al.  Parallelisation and Application of AD 3 as a Method for Solving Large Scale Combinatorial Auctions , 2015, COORDINATION.

[25]  Benoît Parrein,et al.  Multipath optimized link state routing for mobile ad hoc networks , 2011, Ad Hoc Networks.

[26]  Xu Li,et al.  EPTR: expected path throughput based routing protocol for wireless mesh network , 2016, Wirel. Networks.

[27]  Yair Weiss,et al.  Linear Programming Relaxations and Belief Propagation - An Empirical Study , 2006, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[28]  Eric P. Xing,et al.  AD3: alternating directions dual decomposition for MAP inference in graphical models , 2015, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[29]  Stephen P. Boyd,et al.  Distributed Optimization and Statistical Learning via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers , 2011, Found. Trends Mach. Learn..

[30]  Gerardo Rubino,et al.  A study of real-time packet video quality using random neural networks , 2002, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol..

[31]  Kandaraj Piamrat,et al.  QoE-aware routing for video streaming over ad-hoc networks , 2014, 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference.

[32]  Kandaraj Piamrat,et al.  QoE-based routing algorithms for H.264/SVC video over ad-hoc networks , 2016, Wirel. Networks.

[33]  Christian Timmerer,et al.  Using Scalable Video Coding for Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP in mobile environments , 2012, 2012 Proceedings of the 20th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO).

[34]  David E. Culler,et al.  Taming the underlying challenges of reliable multihop routing in sensor networks , 2003, SenSys '03.

[35]  Gigliola Vaglini,et al.  Optimal joint routing and link scheduling for real-time traffic in TDMA Wireless Mesh Networks , 2013, Comput. Networks.

[36]  Eryk Dutkiewicz,et al.  Cross-layer design with optimal dynamic gateway selection for wireless mesh networks , 2015, Comput. Commun..

[37]  André F. T. Martins,et al.  Fast and Robust Compressive Summarization with Dual Decomposition and Multi-Task Learning , 2013, ACL.

[38]  David L. Johnson,et al.  Gateway-aware routing for wireless mesh networks , 2010, The 7th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Systems (IEEE MASS 2010).

[39]  Reuven Cohen,et al.  The Generalized Maximum Coverage Problem , 2008, Inf. Process. Lett..

[40]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing , 2001, RFC.

[41]  Liang Zhou,et al.  Optimization architecture for joint multi-path routing and scheduling in wireless mesh networks , 2011, Math. Comput. Model..

[42]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  Integrated cellular and ad hoc relaying systems: iCAR , 2001, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..