Cradle-to-Gate Life-Cycle Assessment of Laminated Veneer Lumber Production in the United States*

Abstract To keep environmental product declarations current, the underlying life-cycle inventory (LCI) data and subsequent life-cycle assessment data for structural wood products must be updated. Primary data collected from the industry for the year 2012 were analyzed using the weighted-average to update LCIs for laminated veneer lumber (LVL) production on a 1-m3 basis in the Southeast (SE) and Pacific Northwest (PNW) regions of the United States. In addition, cradle-to-gate life-cycle impact assessments (LCIAs) were performed to assess the environmental impacts associated with LVL production for both regions. The cradle-to-gate LCIAs included three life-cycle stages: forestry operations, dry veneer production, and LVL production. The LCIs revealed that the dry veneer life-cycle stage dominated overall primary energy consumption for both the SE and the PNW at 6.83 (68.5%) and 6.75 GJ/m3 (75.3%), respectively. Energy consumption at the veneer stage was based primarily on renewable sources, especially wood ...

[1]  Richard D. Bergman,et al.  The effect on climate change impacts for building products when including the timing of greenhouse gas emissions , 2012 .

[2]  Michael A. Ritter,et al.  Science supporting the economic and environmental benefits of using wood and wood products in green building construction , 2011 .

[3]  Steve Hubbard,et al.  CRADLE-TO-GATE LIFE-CYCLE INVENTORY OF US WOOD PRODUCTS PRODUCTION: CORRIM PHASE I AND PHASE II PRODUCTS , 2010 .

[4]  James B. Wilson,et al.  GATE-TO-GATE LIFE-CYCLE INVENTORY OF LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER PRODUCTION , 2007 .

[5]  Maureen E. Puettmann,et al.  Cradle to Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Laminated Veneer Lumber Production from the Pacific Northwest , 2013 .

[6]  James B. Wilson LIFE-CYCLE INVENTORY OF FORMALDEHYDE-BASED RESINS USED IN WOOD COMPOSITES IN TERMS OF RESOURCES, EMISSIONS, ENERGY AND CARBON , 2010 .

[7]  Richard D. Bergman,et al.  Cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment of laminated veneer lumber produced in the southeast region of the United States , 2017 .

[8]  Jane C. Bare,et al.  TRACI 2.0: the tool for the reduction and assessment of chemical and other environmental impacts 2.0 , 2011 .

[9]  Richard F. Baldwin,et al.  Plywood and Veneer-Based Products: Manufacturing Practices , 2016 .

[10]  Zhiyong Cai,et al.  Wood-based composite materials : panel products, glued-laminated timber, structural composite lumber, and wood-nonwood composite materials , 2010 .

[11]  Dominik Kaestner Life Cycle Assessment of the Oriented Strand Board and Plywood Industries in the United States of America , 2015 .

[12]  Richard Bergman,et al.  Cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) produced in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States , 2017 .