Indikationen und Überlebensraten Immediate loading and immediate restoration of oral implants : indications and survival rates

Immediate loading and immediate restoration of oral implants: indications and survival rates Es war das Ziel der Studie, anhand einer Literaturanalyse zu bewerten, wie die Überlebensrate von sofortbelasteten Implantaten im Vergleich zu Implantaten, die nach unbelasteter Einheilphase belastet wurden, einzuschätzen ist. Die Literaturrecherche erfolgte zunächst elektronisch. Dazu wurden die Datenbanken Medline und Embase für die Jahre 1966 bis 2006 durchsucht. Als Schlüsselwörter wurden dental implant, delayed loading, immediate loading, immediate restoration, mandible, maxilla, edentulous, oral implant, partially dentate, single-tooth in verschiedenen Kombinationen verwendet. Die Ergebnisse der Literaturanalyse zeigen, dass für die Sofortbelastung von Implantaten derzeit Evidenz auf dem Niveau prospektiver, randomisierter, kontrollierter Studien besteht, dass auf diese Weise Implantatüberlebensraten erzielt werden können, die mit denen übereinstimmen, die nach einer unbelasteten Einheilphase erreicht werden. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen sich sowohl im Oberund Unterkiefer in zahnlosen und teilbezahnten Situationen. Die niedrigste Überlebensrate nach zwölf Monaten ergab sich mit 81,2 % für die Sofortbelastung von Einzelzahnimplantaten im Oberkiefer. Bei allen anderen Indikationen lag die Überlebensrate über 95 % nach zwölf Monaten. Die Literaturanalyse zeigt, dass sich die Sofortbelastung von Implantaten in allen Indikationen bewährt hat. Zukünftig muss es das Ziel sein, valide Kriterien für die Patientenselektion für die Sofortbelastung herauszuarbeiten.

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