Grating-based real-time polarization phase-shifting interferometry: error analysis.

A phase Ronchi grating-based real-time polarization phase-shifting method can be efficiently used for dynamic phase measurement in optical interferometry. A thorough error analysis is required for exhibiting how error sources influence phase-measurement results. We analyze the phase-measurement errors that are induced by the retardation error and azimuth angle error of the quarter-wave plate, the azimuth angle error of polarizers, the phase and intensity aberrations of diffractive wave fronts, and pixel mismatch of the interferometric patterns. The results will also be useful for evaluating the phase-measurement accuracy of other similar systems.

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