Styrene N-vinylpyrrolidone metal-nanocomposites as antibacterial coatings against Sulfate Reducing Bacteria.

Copolymer of styrene, and vinylpyrrolidone was prepared by various techniques. Different nanometals and nanometal oxides were added into the copolymer as antimicrobial agents against Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB). The nanocomposite chemical structure was confirmed by using FTIR, (1)H NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The biocidal action of these nanocomposites against the SRB was detected using sulfide determination method in Postgate medium B. The data indicated that the nanocomposites had an inhibitory effect on the growth of SRB and reduced the bacterial corrosion rate of mild steel coupons. The prepared nanocomposites have high inhibition efficiency when applied as coatings and show less efficiency when applied as solids or solution into SRB medium. The copolymer and its nanocomposites effectively reduced the total corrosion rate as determined by total weight loss method.

[1]  P. Kite,et al.  Antimicrobial intravascular catheters--which surface to coat? , 1998, The Journal of hospital infection.

[2]  G. H. Booth.  Sulphur Bacteria in Relation to Corrosion , 1964 .

[3]  Taihong Wang,et al.  Enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanotetrapods , 2005 .

[4]  A. Neal,et al.  What can be inferred from bacterium–nanoparticle interactions about the potential consequences of environmental exposure to nanoparticles? , 2008, Ecotoxicology.

[5]  S. Sacanna,et al.  A Generic Single‐Step Synthesis of Monodisperse Core/Shell Colloids Based on Spontaneous Pickering Emulsification , 2007 .

[6]  Marta Fernández-García,et al.  Polymeric materials with antimicrobial activity , 2013 .

[7]  Hongfen Wang,et al.  Preparation of cerium-doped TiO2 film on 304 stainless steel and its bactericidal effect in the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) , 2010 .

[8]  M. Nemati,et al.  Containment of Biogenic Sulfide Production in Continuous Up‐Flow Packed‐Bed Bioreactors with Nitrate or Nitrite , 2003, Biotechnology progress.

[9]  R. Herrera-Urbina,et al.  Preparation of colloidal silver dispersions by the polyol process. Part 1—Synthesis and characterization , 1996 .

[10]  Yongjun He.  Synthesis of polyaniline/nano-CeO2 composite microspheres via a solid-stabilized emulsion route , 2005 .

[11]  J. Cooney,et al.  Quantifying effects of antifouling paints on microbial biofilm formation. , 1999, Methods in enzymology.

[12]  S. O. Lumsdon,et al.  Influence of Particle Wettability on the Type and Stability of Surfactant-Free Emulsions† , 2000 .

[13]  B. Ollivier,et al.  Biocorrosion of carbon steel alloys by an hydrogenotrophic sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio capillatus isolated from a Mexican oil field separator , 2006 .

[14]  C. Kim,et al.  Ultrafiltration membranes prepared from blends of polyethersulfone and poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-styrene) copolymers , 2005 .

[15]  P. D. Brown,et al.  Preparation of polymer–nanoparticle composite beads by a nanoparticle-stabilised suspension polymerisation , 2007 .

[16]  W. Winkelmann,et al.  Silver-coated megaendoprostheses in a rabbit model--an analysis of the infection rate and toxicological side effects. , 2004, Biomaterials.

[17]  L. Ferreira,et al.  Non-leaching surfaces capable of killing microorganisms on contact , 2009 .

[18]  N. Jo,et al.  Antistatic coating material consisting of poly (butylacrylate-co-styrene) core-nickel shell particle , 2009 .

[19]  S. Hinder,et al.  Prevention of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation using a low-temperature processed silver-doped phenyltriethoxysilane sol-gel coating. , 2008, Biomaterials.

[20]  G. Odian,et al.  Principles of polymerization , 1981 .

[21]  Yongjun He.  Preparation of polyaniline/nano-ZnO composites via a novel Pickering emulsion route , 2004 .

[22]  P. Stewart,et al.  Action of glutaraldehyde and nitrite against sulfate-reducing bacterial biofilms , 2002, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[23]  Gilbert C. Walker,et al.  Approaches in designing non-toxic polymer surfaces to deter marine biofouling , 2009 .

[24]  Yongjun He.  A novel emulsion route to sub-micrometer polyaniline/nano-ZnO composite fibers , 2005 .

[25]  Kanshe Li,et al.  Novel Janus Cu2(OH)2CO3/CuS microspheres prepared via a Pickering emulsion route. , 2007, Journal of colloid and interface science.

[26]  J. H. Clint,et al.  Solid Wettability from Surface Energy Components: Relevance to Pickering Emulsions , 2002 .

[27]  Jooheon Kim,et al.  Novel ultrafiltration membranes prepared from the new miscible blends of polysulfone with poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-styrene) copolymers , 2003 .

[28]  W. Youngs,et al.  Silver and its application as an antimicrobial agent , 2005 .

[29]  Katsuhiro Akimoto,et al.  Electronic states at 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazol-biphenyl (CBP)–metal (Mg, Ag, and Au) interfaces: A joint experimental and theoretical study , 2011 .

[30]  Nishat Arshi,et al.  Comparative study of the Ag/PVP nanocomposites synthesized in water and in ethylene glycol , 2011 .

[31]  J. Suflita,et al.  The influence of nitrate on microbial processes in oil industry production waters , 2001, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[32]  E. Kenawy,et al.  The chemistry and applications of antimicrobial polymers: a state-of-the-art review. , 2007, Biomacromolecules.

[33]  Ben Wong,et al.  Silver nanoparticles and polymeric medical devices: a new approach to prevention of infection? , 2004, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[34]  M. Nemati,et al.  Corrosion risk associated with microbial souring control using nitrate or nitrite , 2005, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[35]  A. Manna,et al.  Antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticle suspensions on a broad spectrum of microorganisms. , 2008, FEMS microbiology letters.

[36]  L. Nicolais,et al.  Preparation and characterization of nano-sized Ag/PVP composites for optical applications , 2000 .

[37]  L. Barton,et al.  Sulphate-reducing bacteria: environmental and engineered systems. , 2007 .

[38]  M. Nemati,et al.  Mechanistic study of microbial control of hydrogen sulfide production in oil reservoirs. , 2001, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[39]  Jin‐San Yoon,et al.  Antibacterial activities of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) and poly(styrene-random-4-vinyl pyridine) , 2004 .

[40]  J. Philip,et al.  Inversion of silica-stabilized emulsions induced by particle concentration. , 2005, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[41]  C. Hollenstein,et al.  Inhibition of bacterial adhesion on PVC endotracheal tubes by RF-oxygen glow discharge, sodium hydroxide and silver nitrate treatments. , 2004, Biomaterials.

[42]  J. Xin,et al.  Polymer microspheres stabilized by titania nanoparticles , 2006 .

[43]  L. Timofeeva,et al.  Antimicrobial polymers: mechanism of action, factors of activity, and applications , 2011, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[44]  Sixun Zheng,et al.  Reaction-induced microphase separation in polybenzoxazine thermosets containing poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone)-block-polystyrene diblock copolymer , 2010 .

[45]  Helmut Münstedt,et al.  Silver ion release from antimicrobial polyamide/silver composites. , 2005, Biomaterials.

[46]  P. Predeep,et al.  Styrene butadiene co-polymer based conducting polymer composite as an effective corrosion protective coating , 2012 .

[47]  C. P. Whitby,et al.  Nanoparticle silica-stabilised oil-in-water emulsions: improving emulsion stability , 2005 .

[48]  I. Beech,et al.  Recent advances in the study of biocorrosion: an overview , 1999 .

[49]  M. Benedetti,et al.  Toxicological impact studies based on Escherichia coli bacteria in ultrafine ZnO nanoparticles colloidal medium. , 2006, Nano letters.

[50]  M. Hollinger.  Toxicological aspects of topical silver pharmaceuticals. , 1996, Critical reviews in toxicology.

[51]  Sixun Zheng,et al.  Reaction-induced microphase separation in epoxy resin containing polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) alternating multiblock copolymer , 2009 .

[52]  Y. Shiraishi,et al.  Colloidal silver catalysts for oxidation of ethylene , 1999 .

[53]  I. Sondi,et al.  Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. , 2004, Journal of colloid and interface science.