论文信息 - The MASTER-II network of robotic optical telescopes. First results - 字舞流文

The MASTER-II network of robotic optical telescopes. First results

The main stages in the creation of the Russian segment of the MASTER network of robotic telescopes is described. This network is designed for studies of the prompt optical emission of gammaray bursts (GRBs; optical emission synchronous with the gamma-ray radiation) and surveys of the sky aimed at discovering uncataloged objects and photometric studies for various programs. The first results obtained by the network, during its construction and immediately after its completion in December 2010, are presented. Eighty-nine alert pointings at GRBs (in most cases, being the first ground telescopes to point at the GRBs) were made from September 2006 through July 2011. The MASTER network holds first place in the world in terms of the total number of first pointings, and currently more than half of first pointings at GRBs by ground telescopes are made by the MASTER network. Photometric light curves of GRB 091020, GRB 091127, GRB 100901A, GRB 100906A, GRB 10925A, GRB 110106A, GRB 110422A, and GRB 110530A are presented. It is especially important that prompt emission was observed for GRB 100901A and GRB 100906A, and thar GRB 091127, GRB 110422A, and GRB 110106A were observed from the first seconds in two polarizations. Very-wide-field cameras carried out synchronous observations of the prompt emission of GRB 081102, GRB 081130B, GRB 090305B, GRB 090320B, GRB 090328, and GRB 090424. Discoveries of Type Ia supernovae are ongoing (among them the brightest supernova in 2009): 2008gy, 2009nr, 2010V, and others. In all, photometry of 387 supernovae has been carried out, 43 of which were either discovered or first observed with MASTER telescopes; more than half of these are Type Ia supernovae. Photometric studies of the open clusters NGC 7129 and NGC 7142 have been conducted, leading to the discovery of 38 variable stars. Sixty-nine optical transients have been discovered.

V. M. Lipunov | N. M. Budnev | E. N. Konstantinov | S. E. Shurpakov | O. A. Gress | E. S. Gorbovskoy | V. V. Chazov | A. G. Tlatov | A. V. Parkhomenko | T. A. Fatkhullin | V. G. Kornilov | I. D. Karachentsev | M. V. Pruzhinskaya | A. V. Moiseev | I. V. Kudelina | V. V. Krushinsky | V. Lipunov | E. Gorbovskoy | P. Balanutsa | N. Budnev | O. Gress | V. Yurkov | M. Pruzhinskaya | A. Burdanov | A. Moiseev | V. Kornilov | I. Karachentsev | A. Tlatov | E. Konstantinov | V. V. Yurkov | V. Senik | T. Fatkhullin | V. Krushinsky | A. A. Belinski | D. A. Kuvshinov | N. V. Tyurina | A. V. Sankovich | A. V. Krylov | N. I. Shatskiy | P. V. Balanutsa | A. S. Kuznetsov | A. S. Zimnukhov | V. P. Shumkov | V. A. Senik | D. V. Gareeva | D. V. Dormidontov | A. F. Punanova | I. S. Zalozhnyh | A. A. Popov | A. Yu. Burdanov | S. A. Yazev | K. I. Ivanov | O. V. Chuvalaev | Yu. P. Sergienko | E. V. Sinyakov | A. Kuznetsov | V. Chazov | K. Ivanov | S. Shurpakov | D. Kuvshinov | A. Punanova | A. Belinski | N. Tyurina | A. Sankovich | A. Krylov | A. Parkhomenko | D. Dormidontov | I. Zalozhnyh | A. Popov | S. Yazev | Y. Sergienko | I. Kudelina | N. Shatskiy | V. Shumkov | D. Gareeva | O. Chuvalaev | E. Sinyakov

[1] G. G. Stokes. "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[2] George H. Herbig,et al. The Spectra of Be- and Ae-TYPE Stars Associated with Nebulosity , 1960 .

[3] Doug Tody,et al. The Iraf Data Reduction And Analysis System , 1986, Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation.

[4] D. Schlegel,et al. Maps of Dust IR Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and CMBR Foregrounds , 1997, astro-ph/9710327.

[5] D. Schlegel,et al. Maps of Dust Infrared Emission for Use in Estimation of Reddening and Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Foregrounds , 1998 .

[6] TAROT: Observing gamma-ray bursts "in progress” , 1999 .

[7] Petr Páta,et al. THE BURST OBSERVER AND OPTICAL TRANSIENT EXPLORING SYSTEM (BOOTES) , 1999 .

[8] Steve B. Howell,et al. A Technique for Ultrahigh‐Precision CCD Photometry , 2001 .

[9] Orbital Perturbations of Transiting Planets: A Possible Method to Measure Stellar Quadrupoles and to Detect Earth-Mass Planets , 2001, astro-ph/0104034.

[10] P. Prugniel,et al. Hyperleda. I. Identification and designation of galaxies , 2003 .

[11] J. Munn,et al. The USNO-B Catalog , 2002, astro-ph/0210694.

[12] T. Magakian,et al. Search for HH Objects and Emission Stars in Star Formation Regions. III. PMS Stars in NGC 7129 , 2004 .

[13] E. Agol,et al. On detecting terrestrial planets with timing of giant planet transits , 2004 .

[14] A Star Catalog for the Open Cluster NGC 188 , 2004, astro-ph/0409548.

[15] Matthew J. Holman,et al. The Use of Transit Timing to Detect Terrestrial-Mass Extrasolar Planets , 2005, Science.

[16] S. H. Kim,et al. Fabrication of a 50 nm half-pitch wire grid polarizer using nanoimprint lithography , 2005 .

[17] V. Afanasiev,et al. The SCORPIO universal focal reducer of the 6-m telescope , 2005 .

[18] Optical observations of gamma-ray bursts, the discovery of supernovae 2005bv, 2005ee, and 2006ak, and searches for transients using the “MASTER” robotic telescope , 2007, 0711.0037.

[19] E. Hintz,et al. A Search for Low-Amplitude Variability in Six Open Clusters Using the Robust Median Statistic , 2007 .

[20] S. Barthelmy,et al. The Dark Side of ROTSE-III Prompt GRB Observations , 2007, 0707.3132.

[21] V. Lipunov,et al. An Extra Long X-Ray Plateau in a Gamma-Ray Burst and the Spinar Paradigm , 2007, 0705.1648.

[22] V. Lipunov,et al. Discovery of an optical flare from GRB 060926 by the MASTER robotic telescope: Possible formation of a marginally rotating black hole , 2008 .

[23] J. P. Osborne,et al. Methods and results of an automatic analysis of a complete sample of Swift-XRT observations of GRBs , 2008, 0812.3662.

[24] V. Lipunov,et al. Spinar paradigm and the central engine of gamma-ray bursts , 2008 .

[25] M. Honsberg,et al. GROND—a 7-Channel Imager , 2008, 0801.4801.

[26] E. Mazets,et al. Broadband observations of the naked-eye γ-ray burst GRB 080319B , 2008, Nature.

[27] Variability morphologies in the color-magnitude diagram. Searching for secular variability , 2009, 0907.4090.

[28] David M. Kipping. Transit timing effects due to an exomoon , 2009 .

[29] Oxford,et al. Exploring the Optical Transient Sky with the Palomar Transient Factory , 2009, 0906.5355.

[30] V. Lipunov,et al. Population synthesis of gamma-ray bursts with precursor activity and the spinar paradigm , 2009, 0903.3169.

[31] O. A. Kalinichenko,et al. Astrometric CCD observations of visual double stars at the Pulkovo Observatory , 2010 .

[32] V. Lipunov,et al. Transient Detections and Other Real-Time Data Processing from MASTER-VWF Wide-Field Cameras , 2009, 0907.1118.

[33] T. Dwelly,et al. Dust and metal column densities in gamma-ray burst host galaxies , 2009, 0910.2590.

[34] Moscow,et al. Prompt, early, and afterglow optical observations of five gamma-ray bursts (GRBs 100901A, 100902A, 100905A, 100906A, and 101020A) , 2011, 1111.3625.

[35] V. Lipunov,et al. Photometric observations of the supernova 2009nr , 2011, 1205.6973.

[36] Debra A. Fischer,et al. The Exoplanet Orbit Database , 2010, 1012.5676.

[37] V. Lipunov,et al. “Pure” supernovae and accelerated expansion of the Universe , 2011, 1109.1159.

[38] V. Lipunov,et al. Robotic optical telescopes global network MASTER II. Equipment, structure, algorithms , 2011, 1111.6904.