Biomass conversion to liquid fuel by two-stage thermochemical cycle

The nature of wood thermal decomposition and notions about the influence of base effects have been studied in the presence of different solvents in the process of wood liquefaction. The possibility of consecutive stopped wood decompositions has been established according to the two competing directions: depolymerization and dehydration. The necessity of destructive processes and depolymerization of the biomass, which dominate over dehydration, has been shown to obtain liquid products (liquefaction products). The temperature limits of the depolymerization process (220–250°C), which precedes the two covered fields of eliminating water (240–280°C and 280–380°C), has been established. The possibility of obtaining light-boiling organic products (Tboil to 150°C) or a mixture of the light (∼150°C) and heavy (200–280°C) fractions has been shown to depend on the base concentration. At the same time, the nature of the deoxygenation processes of oxygen-containing pyrolysis products by dispersed iron has been studied.