Cognitive Radio: A Network Structure Perspective

The ideal utilization of radio spectra is a major issue of concern in the field of wireless communication. Increasing demand for wireless radio services has led to the issue of frequency scarcity. Therefore, in order to accommodate more and more users, cognitive radio technology came into existence. The adaptive nature of cognitive radio helps them enhance the spectral efficiency, thereby utilizing the available spectra without causing any interference for the licensed users. The primary task of cognitive radio lies in the spectrum sensing and identification of holes. But the presence of a single CR and multiple secondary users in the network can lead to delay and collision. Therefore, the algorithm named “multiple CRs single-hop (MCSH) secondary user cognitive radio network architecture” has been formulated and proposed in which multiple CRs can coordinate with each other via single hop as well as with unlicensed users in order to diminish the delay, jitter, and packet loss.