Influences of human behaviour on energy efficiency in commercial buildings

............................................................................................................... II Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... III List of Tables ................................................................................................................ X List of Figures ............................................................................................................. XI List of publications ..................................................................................................... XII Co-authorship forms .................................................................................................. XIV CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1 1.

[1]  D. Crawley,et al.  Comparative assessment of environmental performance tools and the role of the Green Building Challenge , 2001 .

[2]  Rosemary Black,et al.  Facilitating energy saving behaviours among university student residents , 2009 .

[3]  L. Cronbach.  Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests , 1951 .

[4]  N. Abidin.  Sustainable Construction in Malaysia – Developers- Awareness , 2009 .

[5]  C. Vlek,et al.  A review of intervention studies aimed at household energy conservation , 2005 .

[6]  Olivia Guerra Santin,et al.  Behavioural Patterns and User Profiles related to energy consumption for heating , 2011 .

[7]  Baizhan Li,et al.  Occupant Behavior and Building Performance , 2013 .

[8]  J. Yudelson.  The Green Building Revolution , 2007 .

[9]  Warren L. Paul,et al.  A comparison of occupant comfort and satisfaction between a green building and a conventional building , 2008 .

[10]  Peter Barrett,et al.  Factors influencing occupants’ blind-control behaviour in a naturally ventilated office building , 2012 .

[11]  รศ.ดร.ธีรศักดิ์ อุ่นอารมย์เลิศ,et al.  Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches , 2016 .

[12]  Robert E. O'Connor,et al.  Who Wants to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions , 2002 .

[13]  Adrian Leaman,et al.  Are users more tolerant of ‘green’ buildings? , 2007 .

[14]  Alan Kingstone,et al.  A Sustainable Building Promotes Pro-Environmental Behavior: An Observational Study on Food Disposal , 2013, PloS one.

[15]  J. Kenneth Monts,et al.  Assessing energy efficiency and energy conservation potential among commercial buildings: A statistical approach , 1982 .

[16]  M. A. Humphreys.  Field Studies and climate chamber experiments in thermal comfort research , 1994 .

[17]  S. Barr,et al.  The household energy gap: examining the divide between habitual- and purchase-related conservation behaviours , 2005 .

[18]  A. Kollmuss,et al.  Mind the Gap: Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior? , 2002 .

[19]  Franz Fuerst,et al.  Building momentum: An analysis of investment trends in LEED and Energy Star-certified properties , 2009 .

[20]  J. Garvill,et al.  Value Structures behind Proenvironmental Behavior , 2002 .

[21]  Björn Marteinsson.  Durability and the factor method of ISO 15686-1 , 2003 .

[22]  Jlm Jan Hensen,et al.  Quantifying the relevance of adaptive thermal comfort models in moderate thermal climate zones , 2007 .

[23]  Bjarne W. Olesen,et al.  Offset of warm sensation by local air flow: Chinese and Danish preference , 2014 .

[24]  David Lehrer,et al.  Listening to the occupants: a Web-based indoor environmental quality survey. , 2004, Indoor air.

[25]  Suzanne Wilkinson,et al.  An analysis of occupants response to thermal discomfort in green and conventional buildings in New Zealand , 2015 .

[26]  Morteza Ghaempanah Tajabadi.  The awareness towards green office facilities , 2010 .

[27]  Michael B. Gerrard,et al.  The Law of Green Buildings: Regulatory and Legal Issues in Design, Construction, Operations, and Financing , 2010 .

[28]  Darren George,et al.  SPSS for Windows Step by Step: A Simple Guide and Reference , 1998 .

[29]  Mark Standeven,et al.  Thermal comfort for free-running buildings , 1996 .

[30]  Lindsay J. McCunn,et al.  Do green offices affect employee engagement and environmental attitudes? , 2012 .

[31]  Robert K. Yin,et al.  The Case Study Anthology , 2004 .

[32]  R. Gifford,et al.  Personal and social factors that influence pro-environmental concern and behaviour: a review. , 2014, International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie.

[33]  Michael A. Humphreys,et al.  Thermal comfort temperatures and the habits of Hobbits , 2015 .

[34]  John Thøgersen,et al.  Human values and the emergence of a sustainable consumption pattern: A panel study , 2002 .

[35]  Jeff H. Rankin,et al.  Canadian practitioners' perception of research work investigating the cost premiums, long-term costs and health and productivity benefits of green buildings , 2010 .

[36]  I. Ajzen.  The theory of planned behavior , 1991 .

[37]  John M. Quigley,et al.  The Economics of Green Building , 2010, Review of Economics and Statistics.

[38]  Judith H. Heerwagen,et al.  Green buildings, organizational success and occupant productivity , 2000 .

[39]  Joel Ann Todd,et al.  Regional and cultural issues in environmental performance assessment for buildings , 1999 .

[40]  Elie Azar,et al.  Agent-Based Modeling of Occupants and Their Impact on Energy Use in Commercial Buildings , 2012, J. Comput. Civ. Eng..

[41]  P Pieter-Jan Hoes,et al.  User behavior in whole building simulation , 2009 .

[42]  Stephanie A. Welcomer,et al.  Understanding Cultural Differences in the Antecedents of Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparative Analysis of Business Students in the United States and Chile , 2010 .

[43]  Great Britain. Foreign,et al.  United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , 2019, The ‘Earth Summit’ Agreements: A Guide and Assessment.

[44]  D. W. Rajecki.  Attitudes, Themes and Advances , 1982 .

[45]  R. Dunlap,et al.  The “New Environmental Paradigm” , 1978 .

[46]  J. Adamson.  Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioural Research. Tashakkori A, Teddlie C (eds). Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2003, pp.768, £77.00 ISBN: 0-7619-2073-0. , 2004 .

[47]  A. Bryman.  Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: how is it done? , 2006 .

[48]  Örjan Wiidegren,et al.  The New Environmental Paradigm and Personal Norms , 1998 .

[49]  George Baird,et al.  Users' perceptions of sustainable buildings – Key findings of recent studies , 2015 .

[50]  D. L. Goldblatt,et al.  Sustainable Energy Consumption and Society: Personal, Technological, or Social Change? , 2005 .

[51]  Manfredo Manfredini,et al.  Energy upgrade to Passive House standard for historic public housing in New Zealand , 2015 .

[52]  Soo Jung Ryu,et al.  Guidelines to Make Victoria University School of  Architecture and Design Carbon Neutral Through  Minimising its Reliance on Carbon Offsets , 2010 .

[53]  Mark S. Rea,et al.  The effectiveness of light switch reminders in reducing light usage , 1987 .

[54]  R. Dunlap,et al.  Measuring Endorsement of the New Ecological Paradigm: A Revised NEP Scale , 2000 .

[55]  J. Pallant.  SPSS survival manual : a step-by-step guide to data analysis using SPSS version 15 , 2007 .

[56]  Clinton J. Andrews,et al.  Designing Buildings for Real Occupants: An Agent-Based Approach , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans.

[57]  Richard Wener,et al.  Environmental psychology and sustainability in high-rise structures , 2006 .

[58]  Y Zhu,et al.  Dynamic thermal environment and thermal comfort. , 2016, Indoor air.

[59]  Richard E. Morehouse,et al.  Beginning Qualitative Research: A Philosophical and Practical Guide , 1994 .

[60]  Kelly S. Fielding,et al.  Relationships between daily affect and pro‐environmental behavior at work: The moderating role of pro‐environmental attitude , 2013 .

[61]  Suzanne Wilkinson,et al.  Management Practice to Achieve Energy Efficiency Performance: Green versus Conventional Office Building in Malaysia , 2013 .

[62]  M. Moezzi,et al.  Text mining for occupant perspectives on the physical workplace , 2011 .

[63]  Andreas Diekmann,et al.  Persónliches umweltverhalten: Diskrepanzen zwischen Anspruch und Wirklichkeit. , 1992 .

[64]  C. Vlek,et al.  Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour : An integrative review and research agenda , 2009 .

[65]  M. Newborough,et al.  Influencing user behaviour with energy information display systems for intelligent homes , 2007 .

[66]  Thomas Lützkendorf,et al.  Using an integrated performance approach in building assessment tools , 2006 .

[67]  Lesley Stone,et al.  Cleaner production in New Zealand: taking stock , 2007 .

[68]  Florian G. Kaiser,et al.  Assessing general ecological behavior : a cross-cultural comparison between Switzerland and Sweden , 2000 .

[69]  James E. Bartlett,et al.  Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research , 2001 .

[70]  Terry L Tudor,et al.  A Novel Conceptual Framework for Examining Environmental Behavior in Large Organizations , 2008 .

[71]  Belle W. Y. Wei,et al.  Laptop energy-saving opportunities based on user behaviors , 2013 .

[72]  Kamarulazizi Ibrahim,et al.  Centre for Education, Training, & Research in Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (CETREE) of Malaysia: Educating the Nation , 2007 .

[73]  Paul C. Stern,et al.  Environmental Problems and Human Behavior , 1995 .

[74]  P. Schultz,et al.  VALUES AS PREDICTORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDES: EVIDENCE FOR CONSISTENCY ACROSS 14 COUNTRIES , 1999 .

[75]  Caroline M. Clevenger,et al.  Demonstrating the Impact of the Occupant on Building Performance , 2014, J. Comput. Civ. Eng..

[76]  A. Bryman.  Of methods and methodology , 2008 .

[77]  Eric Teicholz,et al.  Facility Design and Management Handbook , 2001 .

[78]  Raymond J. Cole,et al.  Building environmental assessment methods: clarifying intentions , 1999 .

[79]  Y. Joye.  Architectural Lessons from Environmental Psychology: The Case of Biophilic Architecture , 2007 .

[80]  Brian W. Baetz,et al.  Evaluating Institutional Green Building Policies: A Mixed-Methods Approach , 2010 .

[81]  Bruce R. Toro.  Planning and Programming for Military-Facility Reuse , 1995 .

[82]  H. Burak Gunay,et al.  The contextual factors contributing to occupants' adaptive comfort behaviors in offices – A review and proposed modeling framework , 2014 .

[83]  Richard E. Brown,et al.  After-hours power status of office equipment in the USA , 2005 .

[84]  D Hes.  Facilitating sustainable building: turning observation into practice. , 2004 .

[85]  L. Kanuk,et al.  Mail Surveys and Response Rates: A Literature Review , 1975 .

[86]  Dino Bouchlaghem,et al.  Predicted vs. actual energy performance of non-domestic buildings: Using post-occupancy evaluation data to reduce the performance gap , 2012 .

[87]  I Mosly,et al.  Study on risk management for the implementation of energy efficient and renewable technologies in green office buildings , 2010 .

[88]  Carlos Henggeler Antunes,et al.  Energy behaviours as promoters of energy efficiency: A 21st century review , 2012 .

[89]  Roonak Daghigh,et al.  Assessing the thermal comfort and ventilation in Malaysia and the surrounding regions , 2015 .

[90]  Charles A. Scherbaum,et al.  Exploring Individual‐Level Factors Related to Employee Energy‐Conservation Behaviors at Work , 2008 .

[91]  Bassam Moujalled,et al.  Comparison of thermal comfort algorithms in naturally ventilated office buildings , 2008 .

[92]  Jay Yang,et al.  Reality check - the identification of sustainability perception and deliverables for australian road infrastructure projects , 2008 .

[93]  S. Sorrell,et al.  Empirical estimates of the direct rebound effect: A review , 2009 .

[94]  Gary Blau,et al.  Enacting Ecological Sustainability in the MNC: A Test of an Adapted Value-Belief-Norm Framework , 2005 .

[95]  Philippa Howden-Chapman,et al.  Warm homes: Drivers of the demand for heating in the residential sector in New Zealand , 2009 .

[96]  Charles P. Ries,et al.  Improving the Energy Performance of Buildings , 2009 .

[97]  Susan Davis,et al.  Green Buildings and Productivity , 2011 .

[98]  W. Poortinga,et al.  Values, Environmental Concern, and Environmental Behavior , 2004 .

[99]  Rebecca Retzlaff,et al.  Green Buildings and Building Assessment Systems , 2009 .

[100]  Kevin R. Hydes,et al.  Reducing mechanical equipment cost: the economics of green design , 2000 .

[101]  Roberto Lamberts,et al.  A review of human thermal comfort in the built environment , 2015 .

[102]  Hasanuddin Lamit,et al.  Correlation Study on User Satisfaction from Adaptive Behavior and Energy Consumption in Office Buildings , 2014 .

[103]  Elie Azar,et al.  A comprehensive analysis of the impact of occupancy parameters in energy simulation of office buildings , 2012 .

[104]  Sandy Bond,et al.  Barriers and drivers to green buildings in Australia and New Zealand , 2011 .

[105]  J. Thøgersen,et al.  To What Degree are Environmentally Beneficial Choices Reflective of a General Conservation Stance? , 2006 .

[106]  Pieter de Wilde,et al.  Energy performance and occupancy satisfaction: A comparison of two closely related buildings , 2008 .

[107]  M. Sandelowski.  Theory unmasked: the uses and guises of theory in qualitative research. , 1993, Research in nursing & health.

[108]  Guy R. Newsham,et al.  Do LEED-certified buildings save energy? Yes, but ... , 2009 .

[109]  Adrian Leaman,et al.  Assessing building performance in use 3: energy performance of the Probe buildings , 2001 .

[110]  Ian Frame,et al.  Green buildings need green occupants , 1999 .

[111]  Adrian Leaman,et al.  Building evaluation: practice and principles , 2010 .

[112]  John H. Scofield,et al.  Do LEED-certified buildings save energy? Not really… , 2009 .

[113]  Alexander Schwartz.  Sustainable Retail Development New Success Strategies , 2016 .

[114]  Suraje Dessai,et al.  Unstable climates: Exploring the statistical and social constructions of ‘normal’ climate , 2009 .

[115]  S. O'Neill,et al.  Green identity, green living? The role of pro-environmental self-identity in determining consistency across diverse pro-environmental behaviours , 2010 .

[116]  S. Jackson,et al.  The greening of strategic HRM scholarship , 2010 .

[117]  G. Christopher Wedding.  Understanding sustainability in real estate: A focus on measuring and communicating success in green building , 2008 .

[118]  Leah Zagreus,et al.  Occupant satisfaction with indoor environmental quality in green buildings , 2006 .

[119]  Glenn A. Bowen.  Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method , 2009 .

[120]  W. Cui,et al.  People who live in a cold climate: thermal adaptation differences based on availability of heating. , 2013, Indoor air.

[121]  A. Griffiths,et al.  The role of emotions in driving workplace pro-environmental behaviors , 2008 .

[122]  P. Torcellini,et al.  Analysis of the Energy Performance of the Chesapeake Bay Foundation's Philip Merrill Environmental Center , 2005 .

[123]  Richard Scott,et al.  The Hidden Risks of Green Buildings , 2008 .

[124]  Joseph A. Maxwell,et al.  Qualitative Research Design: An Interactive Approach , 1996 .

[125]  Roland W. Scholz,et al.  Sustainable property funds: financial stakeholders’ views on sustainability criteria and market acceptance , 2009 .

[126]  Zofia Birgit Brown.  Occupant comfort and engagement in green buildings : examining the effects of knowledge, feedback and workplace culture , 2009 .

[127]  Richard E. Zigenfus.  Element analysis of the green building process , 2008 .

[128]  Stewart Barr,et al.  Sustainable lifestyles: Framing environmental action in and around the home , 2006 .

[129]  R. Likert.  “Technique for the Measurement of Attitudes, A” , 2022, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Research Design.

[130]  Individual Differences in Environmental Attitudes. , 1982 .

[131]  Elizabeth Victoria Stevenson,et al.  Incorporating environmental best practice into commercial tenant lease agreements: good practice guide - Part 1 , 2007 .

[132]  Ronald E. Ostman,et al.  Impact of Education, Age, Newspapers, and Television on Environmental Knowledge, Concerns, and Behaviors , 1987 .

[133]  Gregory R. A. Richardson,et al.  Institutional Motivations and Barriers to the Construction of Green Buildings on Campus: A Case Study of the University of Waterloo, Ontario. , 2007 .

[134]  L. Steg,et al.  Customers' values, beliefs on sustainable corporate performance, and buying behavior , 2007 .

[135]  Ian Gibson,et al.  Adaptive thermal comfort: principles and practice , 2014 .

[136]  Christopher Kennedy,et al.  What makes a building green , 2002 .

[137]  R. V. Krejcie,et al.  Determining Sample Size for Research Activities , 1970 .

[138]  M. S. Rea,et al.  Economics of switching fluorescent lamps , 1988 .

[139]  Suzanne Wilkinson,et al.  Strategies for improving energy saving behaviour in commercial buildings in Malaysia , 2015 .

[140]  R. Dear,et al.  Thermal adaptation in the built environment: a literature review , 1998 .

[141]  M. Ucci.  Sustainable buildings, pro-environmental behaviour and building occupants: A challenge or an opportunity? , 2010 .

[142]  C. Mobley,et al.  Exploring Additional Determinants of Environmentally Responsible Behavior: The Influence of Environmental Literature and Environmental Attitudes , 2010 .

[143]  Marci Webster-Mannison,et al.  Exploring the influence of qualitative factors on the thermal comfort of office occupants , 2012 .

[144]  Martha C. Monroe,et al.  Two Avenues for Encouraging Conservation Behaviors , 2003 .

[145]  Cm McGee.  Green lease guide for commercial office tenants , 2006 .

[146]  Charles D. Barrett.  Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior , 1980 .

[147]  Marcella Ucci,et al.  Behaviour change potential for energy saving in non-domestic buildings: Development and pilot-testing of a benchmarking tool , 2014 .

[148]  Richard de Dear,et al.  Green occupants for green buildings: The missing link? , 2012 .

[149]  K. A. Owens,et al.  As Green as We Think? The Case of the College of Charleston Green Building Initiative. , 2006 .

[150]  Syahrul Nizam Kamaruzzaman,et al.  Measuring the performance of office buildings maintenance management in Malaysia , 2011 .

[151]  Christine Nadel,et al.  Case Study Research Design And Methods , 2016 .

[152]  O. T. Masoso,et al.  The dark side of occupants’ behaviour on building energy use , 2010 .

[153]  Baabak Ashuri,et al.  An Overview of the Benefits and Risk Factors of Going Green in Existing Buildings , 2010 .

[154]  P. Torcellini,et al.  Analysis of the Design and Energy Performance of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Cambria Office Building , 2005 .

[155]  Suzanne Wilkinson,et al.  Management practice to achieve energy-efficient performance of green buildings in New Zealand , 2014 .

[156]  Stephanie Gauthier,et al.  Behavioural responses to cold thermal discomfort , 2015 .

[157]  P. Mayring.  Qualitative Content Analysis , 2000 .

[158]  Xiaofeng Li,et al.  A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF MOTIVATION AND INFLUENCES FOR ACADEMIC GREEN BUILDING DEVELOPMENTS IN AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITIES , 2013 .

[159]  Willett Kempton,et al.  Environmental Values in American Culture , 1995 .

[160]  Cinzia Buratti,et al.  Thermal comfort in open plan offices in northern Italy: An adaptive approach , 2012 .

[161]  CB RICHARD ELLIS.  WHO PAYS FOR GREEN? THE ECONOMICS OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS , 2009 .

[162]  L. Cameron,et al.  A Cross-Cultural Study of Environmental Motive Concerns and Their Implications for Proenvironmental Behavior , 2006 .

[163]  Jonathan Smith,et al.  Implementation of a Building Sustainability Rating Tool: a Survey of the New Zealand Building Industry , 2008 .

[164]  Julien S. Bourrelle.  Zero energy buildings and the rebound effect: A solution to the paradox of energy efficiency? , 2014 .

[165]  Adrian Leaman,et al.  Assessing building performance in use 4: the Probe occupant surveys and their implications , 2001 .

[166]  Jay Yang,et al.  Sustainable housing implementation through mutual benefits to stakeholders : a decision making approach , 2009 .

[167]  D. W. Zimmerman,et al.  A simple and effective decision rule for choosing a significance test to protect against non-normality. , 2011, The British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology.

[168]  Patrick Waterson,et al.  How organisational behaviour and attitudes can impact building energy use in the UK retail environment: a theoretical framework , 2014 .

[169]  Barry P. Haynes.  An evaluation of office productivity measurement , 2007 .

[170]  J. Gliem,et al.  Calculating, Interpreting, And Reporting Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Coefficient For Likert-Type Scales , 2003 .

[171]  Julie Cidell,et al.  A political ecology of the built environment: LEED certification for green buildings , 2009 .

[172]  Bill Bordass.  Cost and value: fact and fiction , 2000 .

[173]  Stuart Barlow,et al.  Occupant comfort in UK offices—How adaptive comfort theories might influence future low energy office refurbishment strategies , 2007 .

[174]  Madhavi Indraganti.  Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated apartments in summer: Findings from a field study in Hyderabad, India , 2010 .

[175]  Zosia Brown,et al.  Reconciling human and automated intelligence in the provision of occupant comfort , 2009 .