Zum Wirkungsspektrum von Juvenoiden in Postembryonalphasen von Argas (Persicargas) walkerae Kaiser und Hoogstraal, 1969

Zusammenfassung In Untersuchungen zur in vitro Beeinflusbarkeit von Argas (Persicargas) walkerae durch die Juvenoide SAN 235, Kinopren, Methopren und Diflubenzuron konnte unter Masgabe 1. der Mortalitat der Larven und Nymphen unmittelbar nach der Repletion bis Hautungsbeginn bzw. wahrend der Metamorphose 2. der zeitlichen Verzogerung der Hautung 3. der Viabilitat oder Mortalitat aller Folgestadien 4. des Anteils reproduktionsfahiger Imagines bei Kreuzung mit unbehandelten Geschlechtspartnern sowie des Schlupferfolges der nachsten Larvengeneration 5. der Mortalitat und der Vermehrungsfahigkeit der Imagines sowie deren Reproduktionspotential bei Kreuzung mit unbehandelten Zecken und 6. der Entwicklungsfahigkeit der Eier das Targetstadium exakt lokalisiert und diese Juvenoide nach Wirksamkeit geordnet werden. Bei wertender Bezugnahme auf diese Wirkungsparameter sind Larven als primares Targetstadium zu definieren und das Wirkungsprinzip als larvizid sowie hautungshemmend und -verzogernd zu erklaren. Zusatzlich sind auch I. und II. Nymphen, wenn auch weniger stark affektiert und nur in hohen Konzentrationen, als sensitive Phasen zu kennzeichnen, wobei diese Juvenoide hauptsachlich argasidizid und weniger viabilitatshemmend Einflus nehmen. Ein Imaginaleffekt mit Hemmung der Embryogenese bei uneingeschrankter Ovipositionskapazitat wurde nur bei SAN 235 nachweisbar. Die Juvenoide sind aufgrund der Gesamtwirkungsintensitat in der Reihenfolge abnehmender Wirksamkeit — SAN 235, Kinopren, Methopren und Diflubenzuron zu ordnen. Summary The efficacy of juvenoids on postembryonic phases of Argas (Persicargas) walkerae Kaiser und Hoogstraal, 1969 In investigations on the effect and interference of the juvenoids SAN 235, Kinopren, Methoprene, and Diflubenzuron on all parasitic stages of Argas (Persicargas) walkerae the influence of these compounds on the viability could be determined exactly by including and assessing the following criteria: 1. Mortality of larvae, nymphs and adult ticks after repletion and while in metamorphosis 2. the temporal delay of moulting 3. the viability or mortality of all the following stages 4. the procentual proportions of adults capable of reproduction by crossing them with untreated specimens 5. the mortality and the reproduction capability of adult ticks as well as their reproduction potential by crossing with untreated controls and 6. the viability of eggs. With reference to all parameters it was possible to assess the in vivo potential and to qualify it according to its decreasing efficacy as SAN 235, Kinopren, Methoprene and Diflubenzuron. The larvae are always the primary target-stages with larvicidal and moulting restraining and delaying modes of action. First and second stage nymphs are also sensitive stages, although they are less strongly affected and only at high concentrations. The imaginal effect with inhibition of embryogenesis but unrestricted oviposition-capacity could only be demonstrated with SAN 235. The whole spectrum of efficacy was always directly correlated to the concentration. For the single parameters, however, distinct quantitative and qualitative differences and graduations existed between these compounds. Resume A propos du spectre d'action des juvenoides dans les phases post-embryonnaires d'Argas (Persicargas) walkerae Kaiser et Hoogstraal, 1969 L'influence in vitro sur Argas (Persicargas) walkerae du juvenoide SAN 235, du Kinopren, du methopren et du diflubenzuron a ete examinee. Les points suivants ont permis de localiser exactement le stade «Target» et de classer ces juvenoides slon leur action: 1. La mortalite des larves et des nymphes immediatement apres la repletion jusqu'a la mue et reciproquement la metamorphose. 2. Le ralentissement dans le temps de la mue. 3. La variabilite et la mortalite de tous les stades suivants. 4. Le nombre d'imagos fertiles lors d'un croisement avec des partenaires non traites ainsi que la reussite des eclosions des generations de larves suivantes. 5. La mortalite et la capacite de reproduction des images ainsi que leur potentiel de reproduction par croisement avec des tiques non traites. 6. La capacite de developpement des oeufs. En traitant les references a partir des parametres d'efficacite, il a ete possible de definir les larves au stade primaire «Target» et d'expliquer le principe d'action du larvicide comme inhibiteur ou ralentisseur de la mue. Les stades I et II des nymphes ont pu etre reconnus comme phases sensibles bien que moins affectes et seulement a des doses elevees, ces juvenoides n'influencant que principalement en tant qu'argasicide et moins comme inhibiteur de la viabilite. Un effet sur l'imago avec inhibition de l'embryonenese par une non limitation de la capacite d'oviposition n'a ete mis en evidence qu'avec SAN 235. Les juvenoides peuvent sur la base de leur action globale etre classes dans l'ordre decroissant suivant: SAN 235, Kinopren, methropen et diflubenzuron. Resumen Sobre el espectro de accion de los juvenoides en las fases postembrionarias de Argas (Persicargas) walkerae Kaiser y Hoogstraal, 1969 En estudios acerca de la posibilidad de influjo in vitro sobre Argas (Persicargas) walkerae mediante los juvenoides SAN 235, quinopren, metopren y diflubenzuron, se pudo, en razon 1. de la mortalidad de larvas y ninfas inmediatamente despues de la replecion hasta el comienzo de la muda resp. durante la metamorfosis 2. de la dilacion temporal de la muda 3. de la viabilidad o mortalidad de todos los estadios subsiguientes 4. del porcentaje de imagenes reproducibles en cruces con companeros sexuales no tratados asi como del exito de eclosion de la genaracion larvaria proxima 5. de la mortalidad y capacidad de multiplicacion de las imagenes asi como de su potencial de reproduccion en el cruce con garrapatas no tratadas, y 6. de la capacidad de desenvolvimiento de los huevos localizar exactamente el estadio terrero y ordenar estos juvenoides con arreglo a su actividad. Con referencia estimatoria a estos parametros de actividad, se deben definir las larvas como estadio terrero primario y explicar el principio de actividad como larvicida e inhibidor y retardatorio de la muda. Ademas se deben caracterizar las ninfas Ios y IIos, aunque se hallan afectadas en grado menor y nada mas en concentraciones elevadas, como fases sensitivas, interviniendo estos juvenoides principalmente como argasicidas y menos como inhibidores de la viabilidad. Solo en SAN 235 se observo un efecto imaginal con inhibicion de la embriogenesis con capacidad ilimitada de oviposicion. Los juvenoides se tienen que ordenar, a la vista de su intensidad de actividad total, en la ringlera de actividad decreciente: SAN 235, quinopren, metopren y diflubenzuron.

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