The mechanical throttle is difficult to control accurately and effectively for the vehicle, it is necessary to analyze the electronic throttle control system (ETCS) and the control strategy. In this paper, firstly the composition, working principle of the ETCS are introduced. Secondly, the dynamic simulation model of the ETCS based on Matlab is set up, and the PID control algorithm is designed too. Finally, through the simulation and experiment, this paper analyzes the ability to signal tracking, dynamic and static performance of the control system under the different working conditions, and determines the range of the PID control parameter. The simulation results show that the PID algorithm is reliable, simple, and the control performance can meet the operation needs, and has a certain practical value for the electronic throttle precise.