Measurement of Fluid Flow

On the basic of the ultrasonic principle made clear in Chaps. 1– flow velocity profiling can be realized if the Doppler method is applicable to the flow system. There are standard velocity fields, which are the most appropriate systems for examining the performance of ultrasonic velocity profiling (UVP) and training users in making UVP measurements. The standard velocity fields have a one-dimensional one-component velocity distribution, irrespective of whether they are steady or unsteady, such as in the case of flow in a rotating circular cylinder and laminar flow in a pipe. Measuring flow in such systems helps clarify the functions of UVP subject to diverse practical problems. Once velocity information is acquired, it is suitably adjusted in post-processing. Post-processing has two purposes: one is to improve the data quality in response to the inclusion of noise in velocity data, and the other is to derive statistical and other quantities.