Thymocyte Differentiation during Discrete Stages of Postnatal Analysis of Transcription Factor Expression

Postnatal T lymphocyte differentiation in the thymus is a multistage process involving serial waves of lineage specification, proliferative expansion, and survival/cell death decisions. Although these are believed to originate from signals derived from various thymic stromal cells, the ultimate consequence of these signals is to induce the transcriptional changes that are definitive of each step. To help to characterize this process, high density microarrays were used to analyze transcription factor gene expression in RNA derived from progenitors at each stage of T lymphopoietic differentiation, and the results were validated by a number of appropriate methods. We find a large number of transcription factors to be expressed in developing T lymphocytes, including many with known roles in the control of differentiation, proliferation, or cell survival/death decisions in other cell types. Some of these are expressed throughout the developmental process, whereas others change substantially at specific developmental transitions. The latter are particularly interesting, because stage-specific changes make it increasingly likely that the corresponding transcription factors may be involved in stage-specific processes. Overall, the data presented here represent a large resource for gene discovery and for confirmation of results obtained through other methods. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 173: 1094–1102.