Infant cry classification to identify asphyxia using time-frequency analysis and radial basis neural networks

Highlights? Time-frequency analysis based classification of normal and asphyxia infant cries is proposed. ?Proposed features are tested using 4 different classifiers (MLP, TDNN, PNN and GRNN). ?The accuracy of 99% (normal and asphyxia cries) ensures the efficacy of the proposed method. A cry is the first verbal communication of infants and it is described as a loud, high-pitched sound made by infants in response to certain situations. Infant cry signals can be used to identify physical or psychological status of an infant. Recently, acoustic analysis of infant cry signal has shown promising results and it has been proven to be an excellent tool to investigate the pathological status of an infant. This paper proposes short-time Fourier transform (STFT) based time-frequency analysis of infant cry signals. Few statistical features are derived from the time-frequency plot of infant cry signals and used as features to quantify infant cry signals. Two types of radial basis neural networks such as Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and General Regression Neural Network are employed as classifiers for discriminating infant cry signals. Two classes of infant cry signals are considered such as normal cry signals and pathological cry signals of infants with asphyxia. For comparison, the proposed features are also tested using two neural network models such as Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Time-Delay Neural Network (TDNN) trained by scaled conjugate gradient algorithm. The experimental results show that the PNN and GRNN give very promising classification accuracy compared to MLP and TDNN and the proposed methods can effectively classify normal and pathological infant cries of infants with asphyxia.

[1]  Carlos A. Reyes García,et al.  Infant Cry Classification to Identify Hypoacoustics and Asphyxia with Neural Networks , 2004, MICAI.

[2]  Sandra E. Barajas-Montiel,et al.  Fuzzy Support Vector Machines for Automatic Infant Cry Recognition , 2006 .

[3]  Laurene V. Fausett,et al.  Fundamentals Of Neural Networks , 1993 .

[4]  Carlos A. Reyes García,et al.  Classification of Infant Crying to Identify Pathologies in Recently Born Babies with ANFIS , 2004, ICCHP.

[5]  Donald F. Specht,et al.  Probabilistic neural networks , 1990, Neural Networks.

[6]  Sazali Yaacob,et al.  Pathological infant cry analysis using wavelet packet transform and probabilistic neural network , 2011, Expert Syst. Appl..

[7]  An-Sing Chen,et al.  Forecasting Exchange Rates Using General Regression Neural Networks , 1999, Comput. Oper. Res..

[8]  Mahmud Güngör,et al.  Generalized Regression Neural Networks and Feed Forward Neural Networks for prediction of scour depth around bridge piers , 2009, Adv. Eng. Softw..

[9]  Ian T. Jolliffe,et al.  Principal Component Analysis , 2002, International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science.

[10]  Biing-Hwang Juang,et al.  Fundamentals of speech recognition , 1993, Prentice Hall signal processing series.

[11]  Holger R. Maier,et al.  Forecasting chlorine residuals in a water distribution system using a general regression neural network , 2006, Math. Comput. Model..

[12]  Ron Kohavi,et al.  A Study of Cross-Validation and Bootstrap for Accuracy Estimation and Model Selection , 1995, IJCAI.

[13]  John L. Semmlow,et al.  Biosignal and biomedical image processing : MATLAB-based applications , 2004 .

[14]  Sazali Yaacob,et al.  Normal and hypoacoustic infant cry signal classification using time-frequency analysis and general regression neural network , 2012, Comput. Methods Programs Biomed..

[15]  Jonathon Shlens,et al.  A Tutorial on Principal Component Analysis , 2014, ArXiv.

[16]  Laurene V. Fausett,et al.  Fundamentals Of Neural Networks , 1994 .

[17]  Carlos A. Reyes García,et al.  Analysis of an Infant Cry Recognizer for the Early Identification of Pathologies , 2004, Summer School on Neural Networks.

[18]  Carlos A. Reyes García,et al.  Acoustic Features Analysis for Recognition of Normal and Hipoacusic Infant Cry Based on Neural Networks , 2009, IWANN.

[19]  Carlos A. Reyes García,et al.  Detecting Pathologies from Infant Cry Applying Scaled Conjugated Gradient Neural Networks , 2003, ESANN.

[20]  Stanley R. Sternberg,et al.  Biomedical Image Processing , 1983, Computer.

[21]  G. Várallyay The melody of crying. , 2007, International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology.

[22]  Sazali Yaacob,et al.  Analysis of Infant Cry Through Weighted Linear Prediction Cepstral Coefficients and Probabilistic Neural Network , 2012, Journal of Medical Systems.

[23]  V. Dubowitz,et al.  The infant cry. A spectrographic and auditory analysis , 1970 .

[24]  Sergio Daniel Cano-Ortiz,et al.  Rising shift of pitch frequency in the infant cry of some pathologic cases , 2001, MAVEBA.

[25]  Tülay Yildirim,et al.  Improving classification performance of sonar targets by applying general regression neural network with PCA , 2008, Expert Syst. Appl..

[26]  A. S. Malowany,et al.  Identification of pain from infant cry vocalizations using artificial neural networks (ANNs) , 1995, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[27]  L. Bocchi,et al.  A Robust Tool for Newborn Infant Cry Analysis , 2006, 2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[28]  Sazali Yaacob,et al.  Detection of vocal fold paralysis and oedema using time-domain features and Probabilistic Neural Network , 2011 .

[29]  Sergio Daniel Cano-Ortiz,et al.  The spectral analysis of infant cry: an initial approximation , 1995, EUROSPEECH.

[30]  J. Lind,et al.  The Infant Cry. A Spectrographic and Auditory Analysis , 1969 .

[31]  Sergio Daniel Cano-Ortiz,et al.  A Combined Classifier of Cry Units with New Acoustic Attributes , 2006, CIARP.

[32]  Tülay Yildirim,et al.  Hand geometry identification without feature extraction by general regression neural network , 2008, Expert Syst. Appl..

[33]  Geoffrey E. Hinton,et al.  Phoneme recognition using time-delay neural networks , 1989, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[34]  Kumar,et al.  Neural Networks a Classroom Approach , 2004 .

[35]  Fulei Chu,et al.  Application of General Regression Neural Network to Vibration Trend Prediction of Rotating Machinery , 2004, ISNN.

[36]  Orion F. Reyes-Galaviz,et al.  A System for the Processing of Infant Cry to Recognize Pathologies in Recently Born Babies with Neural Networks , 2004 .

[37]  Sergio Daniel Cano-Ortiz,et al.  Evolutionary-Neural System to Classify Infant Cry Units for Pathologies Identification in Recently Born Babies , 2008, 2008 Seventh Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence.

[38]  Z. Benyo,et al.  Acoustic analysis of the infant cry: classical and new methods , 2004, The 26th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[39]  Waibel A novel objective function for improved phoneme recognition using time delay neural networks , 1989 .

[40]  Donald F. Specht,et al.  A general regression neural network , 1991, IEEE Trans. Neural Networks.