Biology and population fluctuations of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch in different climatic conditions and its natural enemies

Studies on biology and seasonal activity of Aphis craccivora Koch. in cowpea ecosystem revealed that the aphid remained active throughout the year. The three predators viz., Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fab.) Micraspis sp. and Coccinella transversalis (Fab.) and spiders were recorded feeding and breeding on the aphid colonies in the field conditions.