Secure Hardware Processors using Silicon Physical One-Way Functions

POWFs were introduced in [1], where they are implemented by shining a mobile laser beam through a nonhomogenous medium and observing the resulting speckle pattern. They were used to make unclonable ID cards. Indeed, an important characteristic of POWFs is that when it is difficult to reproduce the physical system or to characterize it precisely enough to simulate it, an unclonable system results.