Participatory planninga View of Tourism in Indonesia

Abstract Most of the planning literature dealing with tourism focuses on what should be done in developing this industry at the expense of providing an understanding of what is actually being pursued and what can be done given a destinations local conditions. This study presents a normative model of participatory planning principles, which originates in the Western literature. This model is used to investigate what is actually being done in tourism planning in one developing destination, and examines the local constraints upon many of the principles recommended by researchers. Some of the participatory principles are practiced, but others are not. Local sociocultural and economic conditions are constraints in the principles recommended in the model.

[1]  D. Timothy.  Building Community Awareness of Tourism in a Developing Country Destination , 2000 .

[2]  John Brohman.  New directions in tourism for third world development , 1996 .

[3]  I. Tjatera.  A model for integrating sub-provincial traditional and official regional planning institutions to achieve sustainable development in Bali, Indonesia , 1994 .

[4]  P. Murphy,et al.  Guidelines to planning in harmony with the host community. , 1983 .

[5]  Geoffrey Wall,et al.  Tourist accommodation in an Asian historic city , 1995 .

[6]  R. Prentice.  Community-driven tourism planning and residents' preferences , 1993 .

[7]  D. Korten,et al.  The Management of Social Transformation , 1981 .

[8]  Gianna Moscardo,et al.  Tourism community relationships , 1996 .

[9]  C. Jenkins.  Education for tourism policy makers in developing countries , 1980 .

[10]  J. Krippendorf.  Towards new tourism policies: The importance of environmental and sociocultural factors , 1982 .

[11]  J. Friedmann.  The Active Community: Toward a Political-Territorial Framework for Rural Development in Asia , 1981, Economic Development and Cultural Change.

[12]  H. Geertz.  Indonesian cultures and communities , 1963 .

[13]  Charlotte M. Echtner.  Entrepreneurial training in developing countries. , 1995 .

[14]  R. Liddle,et al.  Indonesia in 1996: Pressures from Above and Below , 1997 .

[15]  E. D. Kadt.  Social planning for tourism in the developing countries , 1979 .

[16]  David G. Simmons,et al.  Community participation in tourism planning , 1994 .

[17]  Donald Getz,et al.  COLLABORATION THEORY AND COMMUNITY TOURISM PLANNING , 1995 .

[18]  David L. Brown.  The State and Ethnic Politics in SouthEast Asia , 1993 .

[19]  L. Suryadinata.  Democratization and Political Succession in Suharto's Indonesia , 1997 .

[20]  Mehran Kamrava.  Politics and Society in the Third World , 1993 .

[21]  G. Wall,et al.  Selling to tourists: Indonesian street vendors , 1997 .

[22]  K. Michael Haywood,et al.  Responsible and responsive tourism planning in the community. , 1988 .

[23]  D. Timothy.  Cooperative tourism planning in a developing destination. , 1998 .

[24]  E. Inskeep.  Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. Edward Inskeep. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003. 1991. 508p , 1991 .

[25]  T. B. Smith.  Evaluating development policies and programmes in the third world , 1985 .

[26]  J. Kaufman,et al.  Comment to Comparison of Current Planning Theories: Counterparts and Contradictions , 1979 .

[27]  W. Lynn.  Tourism in the peoples' interest , 1992 .

[28]  G. Moedjanto,et al.  The concept of power in Javanese culture , 1986 .

[29]  Peter E. Murphy,et al.  Tourism: A Community Approach , 1987 .