An ontology for enterprise and information systems modelling

The Unified Enterprise Modelling Language (UEML) aims to support precise semantic definition of a wide variety of enterprise- and IS-modelling languages. In the longer run, it is also intended as a hub for integrated use of enterprise and information system (IS) models expressed in different languages. To achieve this, UEML provides a common ontology that interrelates the semantics of many existing modelling languages. This paper presents the motivation and background for the UEML work. It then presents the structure and contents of UEML's evolving common ontology, the Unified Enterprise Modelling Ontology (UEMO), which has been established through analyses of 130 modelling constructs from a selection of 10 enterprise- and IS-modelling languages. It goes on to discuss the current state of UEMO and its further evolution. Finally, conclusions and paths for further work are offered.

[1]  Ron Weber,et al.  An Ontological Analysis of some Fundamental Information Systems Concepts , 1988, ICIS.

[2]  Diego Calvanese,et al.  The Description Logic Handbook: Theory, Implementation, and Applications , 2003, Description Logic Handbook.

[3]  Chava Nachmias,et al.  Research Methods in the Social Sciences , 1976 .

[4]  Jörg Ziemann,et al.  Achieving Enterprise Model Interoperability Applying a Common Enterprise Metamodel , 2006, I-ESA.

[5]  Juha-Pekka Tolvanen,et al.  Defining Domain-Specific Modeling Languages to Automate Product Derivation: Collected Experiences , 2005, SPLC.

[6]  Martin Gogolla,et al.  The Whole-Part Relationship in the Unified Modeling Language: A New Approach , 2001, Unified Modeling Language: Systems Analysis, Design and Development Issues.

[7]  Ron Weber,et al.  On the deep structure of information systems , 1995, Inf. Syst. J..

[8]  Andreas L. Opdahl A Platform for Interoperable Domain-Specific Enterprise Modelling Based on ISO 15926 , 2010, 2010 14th IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops.

[9]  Nicola Guarino,et al.  Sweetening Ontologies with DOLCE , 2002, EKAW.

[10]  Activité ad‐hoc Types de tâches Introduction to BPMN , 2004 .

[11]  Andreas L. Opdahl,et al.  Comparing GRL and KAOS using the UEML Approach , 2007, IESA.

[12]  Giancarlo Guizzardi,et al.  Modal Aspects of Object Types and Part-Whole Relations and the de re/de dicto Distinction , 2007, CAiSE.

[13]  Steven Kelly,et al.  Visual domain-specific modelling : Benefits and experiences of using metaCASE tools , 2010 .

[14]  J. Farrell,et al.  Semantic Annotations for WSDL and XML Schema , 2007 .

[15]  Martin L. King,et al.  Towards a Methodology for Building Ontologies , 1995 .

[16]  Giuseppe Berio,et al.  New perspectives in ontological analysis: Guidelines and rules for incorporating modelling languages into UEML , 2012, Inf. Syst..

[17]  Marta Indulska,et al.  Business Process Modeling- A Comparative Analysis , 2009, J. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[18]  Kalle Lyytinen,et al.  Modelling Offices Through Discourse Analysis: The SAMPO Approach , 1992, Comput. J..

[19]  Göran Goldkuhl,et al.  Generic business frameworks and action modeling , 1996 .

[20]  John Krogstie,et al.  Evaluating UML using a generic quality framework , 2003 .

[21]  Andreas L. Opdahl Anatomy of the Unified Enterprise Modelling Ontology , 2011, IWEI.

[22]  Patrick Heymans,et al.  A Template-based Analysis of GRL , 2005 .

[23]  Jerry R. Hobbs,et al.  DAML-S: Semantic Markup for Web Services , 2001, SWWS.

[24]  Axel Hahn,et al.  Towards an Interoperability Framework for Model-Driven Development of Software Systems , 2006 .

[25]  Terrence A. Brooks,et al.  World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) , 2010 .

[26]  Adam Pease,et al.  Towards a standard upper ontology , 2001, FOIS.

[27]  Brian Henderson-Sellers,et al.  Ontological analysis of whole-part relationships in OO-models , 2001, Inf. Softw. Technol..

[28]  Andreas L. Opdahl Incorporating UML Class and Activity Constructs into UEML , 2010, ER Workshops.

[29]  Nicola Guarino,et al.  In the Defense of Ontological Foundations for Conceptual Modeling , 2006 .

[30]  Ute Beyer,et al.  Process-Aware Information Systems: Bridging People and Software Through Process Technology , 2005 .

[31]  Pierre-Yves Schobbens,et al.  Feature Diagrams: A Survey and a Formal Semantics , 2006, 14th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE'06).

[32]  Andreas L. Opdahl,et al.  Ontological Analysis of KAOS Using Separation of Reference , 2007 .

[33]  Gerhard Weikum,et al.  WWW 2007 / Track: Semantic Web Session: Ontologies ABSTRACT YAGO: A Core of Semantic Knowledge , 2022 .

[34]  Harold Ossher,et al.  Insights into enterprise conceptual modeling , 2010, Data Knowl. Eng..

[35]  Lin Liu,et al.  Designing information systems in social context: a goal and scenario modelling approach , 2004, Inf. Syst..

[36]  Veda C. Storey,et al.  An ontological analysis of the relationship construct in conceptual modeling , 1999, TODS.

[37]  Boris Motik,et al.  OWL 2: The next step for OWL , 2008, J. Web Semant..

[38]  Andreas L. Opdahl,et al.  Comparison of Goal‐oriented Languages using the UEML Approach , 2010 .

[39]  Daniele Nardi,et al.  An Introduction to Description Logics , 2003, Description Logic Handbook.

[40]  Frank van Harmelen,et al.  Web Ontology Language: OWL , 2004, Handbook on Ontologies.

[41]  Brian Henderson-Sellers,et al.  Black and White Diamonds , 1999, UML.

[42]  Dov Dori,et al.  System function and architecture: OPM-based definitions and operational templates , 2003, CACM.

[43]  Michael Rosemann,et al.  Integrated Process Modeling: An Ontological Evaluation , 2000, Inf. Syst..

[44]  M. Fox,et al.  Enterprise Modeling , 1998, AI Mag..

[45]  Keng Siau Contemporary Issues in Database Design and Information Systems Development , 2007 .

[46]  Jean Bézivin,et al.  Model Driven Tool Interoperability in Practice , 2010 .

[47]  Joerg Evermann,et al.  Towards Ontologically Based Semantics for UML Constructs , 2001, ER.

[48]  Giuseppe Berio,et al.  A Unified Enterprise Modelling Language for Enhanced Interoperability of Enterprise Models , 2004 .

[49]  A. D. Ritchie The Dictionary of Philosophy , 1945, Nature.

[50]  August-Wilhelm Scheer,et al.  ARIS - Business Process Frameworks , 1998 .

[51]  Brian Henderson-Sellers,et al.  A Template for Defining Enterprise Modeling Constructs , 2004, J. Database Manag..

[52]  Axel Uhl,et al.  Model-Driven Architecture , 2002, OOIS Workshops.

[53]  Kurt Lautenbach,et al.  System Modelling with High-Level Petri Nets , 1981, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[54]  Roland Jochem Common Representation through UEML - Requirements and Approach , 2002, ICEIMT.

[55]  Yanchun Zhang,et al.  An analytical evaluation of NIAM'S grammar for conceptual schema diagrams , 1996, Inf. Syst. J..

[56]  Giuseppe Berio,et al.  A Roadmap for UEML , 2006, I-ESA.

[57]  Axel van Lamsweerde,et al.  Inferring Declarative Requirements Specifications from Operational Scenarios , 1998, IEEE Trans. Software Eng..

[58]  Nicola Guarino,et al.  Evaluating ontological decisions with OntoClean , 2002, CACM.

[59]  Marta Indulska,et al.  Modeling languages for business processes and business rules: A representational analysis , 2009, Inf. Syst..

[60]  Francesco M. Donini,et al.  Reasoning in description logics , 1997 .

[61]  Fabian M. Suchanek,et al.  Yago: A Core of Semantic Knowledge Unifying WordNet and Wikipedia , 2007 .

[62]  L. Ellis Research Methods in the Social Sciences , 1994 .

[63]  Giuseppe Berio,et al.  Incorporating IDEF3 into the Unified Enterprise Modelling Language , 2007, 2007 Eleventh International IEEE EDOC Conference Workshop.

[64]  Andreas L. Opdahl Aligning the UEML Ontology with SUMO , 2010, I-ESA.

[65]  Robert Hoehndorf,et al.  General Formal Ontology (GFO) - A Foundational Ontology Integrating Objects and Processes [Version 1.0] , 2006 .

[66]  Kalle Lyytinen,et al.  MetaEdit+: A Fully Configurable Multi-User and Multi-Tool CASE and CAME Environment , 1996, CAiSE.

[67]  R. Chisholm A Realistic Theory of Categories: An Essay on Ontology , 1998 .

[68]  Brian Henderson-Sellers,et al.  A Unified Modelling Language without referential redundancy , 2005, Data Knowl. Eng..

[69]  Brian Henderson-Sellers,et al.  Ontological Evaluation of the UML Using the Bunge–Wand–Weber Model , 2002, Software and Systems Modeling.

[70]  Cristina Cachero,et al.  Conceptual Modeling of Device-Independent Web Applications , 2001, JISBD.

[71]  A. Macallum The University of Toronto , 1907, Nature.

[72]  Brian Henderson-Sellers,et al.  Template-Based Definition of Information Systems and Enterprise Modelling Constructs , 2005 .

[73]  M. Bunge Treatise on basic philosophy , 1974 .

[74]  Mario Bunge,et al.  Semantics II: Interpretation and Truth , 1974 .

[75]  Jan L. G. Dietz,et al.  Enterprise ontology - theory and methodology , 2006 .

[76]  Michael Uschold,et al.  The Enterprise Ontology , 1998, The Knowledge Engineering Review.

[77]  Xavier Castellani Overviews of Models Defined with Charts of Concepts , 1999, ISCO.

[78]  Tadao Murata,et al.  Petri nets: Properties, analysis and applications , 1989, Proc. IEEE.

[79]  George A. Miller,et al.  WordNet: A Lexical Database for English , 1995, HLT.

[80]  Andreas L. Opdahl The UEML Approach to Modelling Construct Description , 2006, I-ESA.

[81]  Chava Nachmias,et al.  Study guide to accompany Research methods in the social sciences, seventh edition : Chava Frankfort-Nachmias, David Nachmias , 2007 .

[82]  Ian Horrocks,et al.  The Even More Irresistible SROIQ , 2006, KR.

[83]  Jaap Gordijn,et al.  Value-based requirements engineering: exploring innovative e-commerce ideas , 2003, Requirements Engineering.

[84]  S. T. Buckland,et al.  An Introduction to the Bootstrap. , 1994 .

[85]  Andreas L. Opdahl,et al.  Semantic annotations for modelling language interoperability , 2011, WIMS '11.

[86]  Eckhard D. Falkenberg,et al.  FRISCO: A framework of information system concepts : The FRISCO report (WEB edition) , 1998 .

[87]  Jos van Hillegersberg,et al.  Evaluating the Visual Syntax of UML: An Analysis of the Cognitive Effectiveness of the UMLFamily of Diagrams , 2009, SLE.

[88]  Klaus Pohl,et al.  Software Product Line Engineering - Foundations, Principles, and Techniques , 2005 .

[89]  Gerti Kappel,et al.  Lifting metamodels to ontologies: a step to the semantic integration of modeling languages , 2006, MoDELS'06.

[90]  Ron Weber,et al.  On the ontological expressiveness of information systems analysis and design grammars , 1993, Inf. Syst. J..

[91]  August-Wilhelm Scheer,et al.  ARIS - Business Process Modeling , 1998 .

[92]  Brian Henderson-Sellers,et al.  What is this thing called aggregation? , 1999, Proceedings Technology of Object-Oriented Languages and Systems. TOOLS 29 (Cat. No.PR00275).

[93]  Ron Weber,et al.  An Ontological Model of an Information System , 1990, IEEE Trans. Software Eng..

[94]  Víctor Anaya,et al.  The Unified Enterprise Modelling Language - Overview and further work , 2010, Comput. Ind..