The Text-Based Adventure AI Competition

In 2016–2018 at the IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence in Games, the authors of this paper ran a competition for agents that can play classic text-based adventure games. This competition fills a gap in existing game artificial intelligence (AI) competitions that have typically focused on traditional card/board games or modern video games with graphical interfaces. By providing a platform for evaluating agents in text-based adventures, the competition provides a novel benchmark for game AI with unique challenges for natural language understanding and generation. This paper summarizes the three competitions ran in 2016–2018 (including details of open-source implementations of both the competition framework and our competitors) and presents the results of an improved evaluation of these competitors across 20 games.

[1]  Eyal Amir,et al.  Learning Partially Observable Deterministic Action Models , 2005, IJCAI.

[2]  Tomas Mikolov,et al.  Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classification , 2016, EACL.

[3]  Roger C. Schank,et al.  Scripts, plans, goals and understanding: an inquiry into human knowledge structures , 1978 .

[4]  Wendy G. Lehnert,et al.  Plot Units and Narrative Summarization , 1981, Cogn. Sci..

[5]  David Wingate,et al.  What Can You Do with a Rock? Affordance Extraction via Word Embeddings , 2017, IJCAI.

[6]  John McCarthy,et al.  Epistemological Problems of Artificial Intelligence , 1987, IJCAI.

[7]  Matthew L. Ginsberg,et al.  Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning , 1987, AAAI 1987.

[8]  Regina Barzilay,et al.  Language Understanding for Text-based Games using Deep Reinforcement Learning , 2015, EMNLP.

[9]  Graham Nelson,et al.  The Inform Designer's Manual , 2006 .

[10]  Yoshua Bengio,et al.  A Neural Probabilistic Language Model , 2003, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[11]  Regina Barzilay,et al.  Non-Linear Monte-Carlo Search in Civilization II , 2011, IJCAI.

[12]  Susan T. Dumais,et al.  Improving information retrieval using latent semantic indexing , 1988 .

[13]  Ellen Riloff,et al.  Automatically Producing Plot Unit Representations for Narrative Text , 2010, EMNLP.

[14]  Lea Fleischer,et al.  The Senses Considered As Perceptual Systems , 2016 .

[15]  Jeffrey Dean,et al.  Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space , 2013, ICLR.

[16]  Julian Togelius,et al.  AI Researchers, Video Games are your Friends! , 2015, IJCCI.

[17]  Richard A. Harshman,et al.  Indexing by Latent Semantic Analysis , 1990, J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci..

[18]  Sanja Fidler,et al.  Skip-Thought Vectors , 2015, NIPS.

[19]  Michael R. Genesereth,et al.  General Game Playing: Overview of the AAAI Competition , 2005, AI Mag..

[20]  John McCarthy,et al.  SOME PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEMS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF ARTI CIAL INTELLIGENCE , 1987 .

[21]  Julian Togelius,et al.  General Video Game AI: Competition, Challenges and Opportunities , 2016, AAAI.

[22]  Kenneth O. Stanley,et al.  Exploiting Open-Endedness to Solve Problems Through the Search for Novelty , 2008, ALIFE.

[23]  Marc G. Bellemare,et al.  The Arcade Learning Environment: An Evaluation Platform for General Agents , 2012, J. Artif. Intell. Res..

[24]  Jakub Kowalski,et al.  Text-based adventures of the golovin AI agent , 2017, 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG).

[25]  Philip Bachman,et al.  Deep Reinforcement Learning that Matters , 2017, AAAI.

[26]  Marlos C. Machado,et al.  Revisiting the Arcade Learning Environment: Evaluation Protocols and Open Problems for General Agents , 2017, J. Artif. Intell. Res..

[27]  Nick Montfort,et al.  Twisty Little Passages: An Approach to Interactive Fiction , 2003 .

[28]  Demis Hassabis,et al.  Mastering the game of Go without human knowledge , 2017, Nature.

[29]  Alexei A. Efros,et al.  Curiosity-Driven Exploration by Self-Supervised Prediction , 2017, 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW).

[30]  Brian Hlubocky Knowledge-Gathering Agents in Adventure Games , 2004 .

[31]  Peter Norvig,et al.  Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach , 1995 .

[32]  Vadim Bulitko,et al.  Interactive Narrative: An Intelligent Systems Approach , 2012, AI Mag..

[33]  Peter Norvig,et al.  Artificial intelligence - a modern approach, 2nd Edition , 2003, Prentice Hall series in artificial intelligence.