Colorimetric detection of the β-agonist ractopamine in animal feed, tissue and urine samples using gold–silver alloy nanoparticles modified with sulfanilic acid

ABSTRACT A highly sensitive, selective and simple method was proposed for colorimetric detection of ractopamine on the basis of the interaction between ractopamine and sulfanilic acid-modified gold–silver alloy nanoparticles (AuAgNPs). The AuAgNPs were prepared by the reduction of HAuCl4 and AgNO3 with sodium citrate in aqueous medium and further modified by sulfanilic acid. The interaction of ractopamine with sulfanilic acid induced rapid aggregation of sulfanilic acid-modified AuAgNPs along with an optical colour change, leading to precise quantification which could be detected by absorptiometry. Under the optimum conditions, the absorbance ratio (A600/A435) of sulfanilic acid-modified AuAgNPs exhibited a linear relationship with the concentration of ractopamine in the range of 4.5–31.6 ng/mL. The detection limit of ractopamine was 1.5 ng/mL. The established novel colorimetric detection method showed high selectivity towards ractopamine. The method was successfully applied to detect ractopamine in spiked pork, swine feed and swine urine samples with excellent recoveries from 94.4% to 112.5%. These results demonstrated that the proposed new method has a good potential for practical applications.

[1]  Jiawei Du,et al.  Colorimetric detection of cadmium in water using L-cysteine Functionalized gold–silver nanoparticles , 2018, Analytical Letters.

[2]  S. M. Taghdisi,et al.  Fluorescence quenching biosensor for acrylamide detection in food products based on double-stranded DNA and gold nanoparticles , 2018, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical.

[3]  Yu Chang,et al.  Determination of ractopamine and salbutamol in pig hair by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry , 2017, Journal of food and drug analysis.

[4]  Rui Wei,et al.  Biosynthesis of Au–Ag Alloy Nanoparticles for Sensitive Electrochemical Determination of Paracetamol , 2017 .

[5]  C. Yuan,et al.  A new approach for fabricating Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles confined in Al2O3 matrix , 2017 .

[6]  Fangying Wu,et al.  Specific pH effect for selective colorimetric assay of glutathione using anti-aggregation of label-free gold nanoparticles , 2017 .

[7]  Ning Gan,et al.  Novel Stir Bar Array Sorptive Extraction Coupled With Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Simultaneous Determination of Three β2-Agonist Residues in Pork , 2017, Chromatographia.

[8]  Rodrigo H M M Granja,et al.  The challenges of ractopamine use in meat production for export to European Union and Russia , 2017 .

[9]  Mingxin Li,et al.  Development of a highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of a new β-agonist, phenylethanolamine A, in food samples. , 2017, Journal of the science of food and agriculture.

[10]  Sang Hun Lee,et al.  Highly sensitive and reliable SERS probes based on nanogap control of a Au–Ag alloy on silica nanoparticles , 2017 .

[11]  Guangfeng Wang,et al.  Novel ultrasensitive homogeneous electrochemical aptasensor based on dsDNA-templated copper nanoparticles for the detection of ractopamine. , 2017, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[12]  S. Lehotay,et al.  Simultaneous analysis of aminoglycosides with many other classes of drug residues in bovine tissues by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry using an ion-pairing reagent added to final extracts , 2017, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[13]  Zhengyu Jin,et al.  Determination of Antioxidant Capacity of Chinese Rice Wine and Zhuyeqing Liquor Using Nanoparticle-Based Colorimetric Methods , 2017, Food Analytical Methods.

[14]  Wenjie Ma,et al.  Dopamine-Directed In-Situ and One-Step Synthesis of Au@Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles Immobilized to a Metal-Organic Framework for Synergistic Catalysis. , 2016, Chemistry, an Asian journal.

[15]  T. Asafa,et al.  Biomedical and Catalytic Applications of Gold and Silver-Gold Alloy Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Cell-Free Extract of Bacillus Safensis LAU 13: Antifungal, Dye Degradation, Anti-Coagulant and Thrombolytic Activities , 2016, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[16]  Fangying Wu,et al.  Silver nanoparticles modified with sulfanilic acid for one-step colorimetric and visual determination of histidine in serum , 2016, Microchimica Acta.

[17]  Mohammed A. Al-Azawi,et al.  Preparation of gold and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles for enhancement of plasmonic dye-sensitized solar cells performance , 2016 .

[18]  D. Xue,et al.  Green synthesis of Pt-Au dendrimer-like nanoparticles supported on polydopamine-functionalized graphene and their high performance toward 4-nitrophenol reduction , 2016 .

[19]  Chunyan Sun,et al.  Visual Screening and Colorimetric Determination of Clenbuterol and Ractopamine Using Unmodified Gold Nanoparticles as Probe. , 2016, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.

[20]  Suxia Zhang,et al.  New haptens and antibodies for ractopamine. , 2015, Food chemistry.

[21]  Fangying Wu,et al.  Colorimetric detection of melamine in pretreated milk using silver nanoparticles functionalized with sulfanilic acid , 2015 .

[22]  Hong Tao,et al.  A comparative study of different reagentless plasmon sensors based on Ag–Au alloy nanoparticles for detection of Hg , 2015 .

[23]  Jing Zhang,et al.  Preparation of ractopamine-tetraphenylborate complexed nanoparticles used as sensors to rapidly determine ractopamine residues in pork , 2014, Nanoscale Research Letters.

[24]  A. Wu,et al.  A new rapid colorimetric detection method of Al³⁺ with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity based on a new mechanism of aggregation of smaller etched silver nanoparticles. , 2014, Talanta.

[25]  Peng Yang,et al.  Electrochemical determination of toxic ractopamine at an ordered mesoporous carbon modified electrode. , 2014, Food chemistry.

[26]  María Cristina González,et al.  Fast and reliable determination of antioxidant capacity based on the formation of gold nanoparticles , 2014, Microchimica Acta.

[27]  Dawei He,et al.  The fabrication of nanochain structure of gold nanoparticles and its application in ractopamine sensing. , 2013, Talanta.

[28]  Zhifeng Fu,et al.  Highly sensitive near-simultaneous assay of multiple "lean meat agent" residues in swine urine using a disposable electrochemiluminescent immunosensors array. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[29]  I. Dékány,et al.  Effect of pH on stability and plasmonic properties of cysteine-functionalized silver nanoparticle dispersion. , 2012, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[30]  Yikai Zhou,et al.  Enhanced oxidation and detection of toxic ractopamine using carbon nanotube film-modified electrode , 2012 .

[31]  Xichang Wang,et al.  Rapid determination of ractopamine in swine urine using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. , 2011, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[32]  Yanting Wang,et al.  Structures and Energetics of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles , 2011 .

[33]  K. Beeh,et al.  Long-acting β-adrenoceptor agonists in the management of COPD: focus on indacaterol , 2011, International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

[34]  Wei-Lung Tseng,et al.  Colorimetric sensing of silver(I) and mercury(II) ions based on an assembly of Tween 20-stabilized gold nanoparticles. , 2010, Analytical chemistry.

[35]  R. Goyal,et al.  Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Dopamine in Presence of High Concentration of Ascorbic Acid Using a Fullerene‐C60 Coated Gold Electrode , 2008 .

[36]  Yahong Liu,et al.  Determination of ractopamine and clenbuterol in feeds by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , 2007 .

[37]  Jie Fu,et al.  A simple and green method for the synthesis of Au, Ag, and Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles , 2006 .

[38]  F. Porta,et al.  Au, Pd (mono and bimetallic) catalysts supported on graphite using the immobilisation method: Synthesis and catalytic testing for liquid phase oxidation of glycerol , 2005 .

[39]  U. Brinkman,et al.  Analytical strategies for residue analysis of veterinary drugs and growth-promoting agents in food-producing animals--a review. , 2005, Journal of chromatography. A.

[40]  D. J. Smith.  Total radioactive residues and clenbuterol residues in swine after dietary administration of [14C]clenbuterol for seven days and preslaughter withdrawal periods of zero, three, or seven days. , 2000, Journal of animal science.

[41]  F. Franconi,et al.  Clinical and pharmacological profile in a clenbuterol epidemic poisoning of contaminated beef meat in Italy. , 2000, Toxicology letters.

[42]  G A Mitchell,et al.  Illegal use of beta-adrenergic agonists in the United States. , 1998, Journal of animal science.