Mechanics of adhesion

Abstract The small scale contacts and very smooth surfaces associated with information storage devices result in adhesive forces playing a more significant role than in more conventional tribological applications. Taking the contact of spherical surfaces to be representative of asperity interactions, the mechanics of adhesion will be reviewed. From the point of view of mechanics adhesion is expressed in terms of the `work of adhesion', i.e. the work to separate unit area of the interface, whatever its physical origin; intermolecular forces, electrostatic forces or capillary action. For elastic solids the behaviour is a function of two non-dimensional parameters. One is a measure of the ratio of the adhesive force to the applied load and the other the ratio of elastic deformation to the range of surface forces. A map will be presented having these two parameters as co-ordinates. The effect of inelastic deformation (plastic and viscoelastic) will be considered and a criterion presented for the `brittle' or `ductile' separation of adhering surfaces.

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