Optimal Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement

Many countries like Singapore are planning to introduce Electric Vehicles (EVs) to replace traditional vehicles to reduce air pollution and improve energy efficiency. The rapid development of EVs calls for efficient deployment of charging stations both for the convenience of EVs and maintaining the efficiency of the road network. Unfortunately, existing work makes unrealistic assumption on EV drivers' charging behaviors and focus on the limited mobility of EVs. This paper studies the Charging Station PLacement (CSPL) problem, and takes into consideration 1) EV drivers' strategic behaviors to minimize their charging cost, and 2) the mutual impact of EV drivers' strategies on the traffic conditions of the road network and service quality of charging stations. We first formulate the CSPL problem as a bilevel optimization problem, which is subsequently converted to a single-level optimization problem by exploiting structures of the EV charging game. Properties of CSPL problem are analyzed and an algorithm called OCEAN is proposed to compute the optimal allocation of charging stations. We further propose a heuristic algorithm OCEAN-C to speed up OCEAN. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms significantly outperform baseline methods.

[1]  Emily Parkany,et al.  Measuring Traffic Congestion , 1998 .

[2]  R. Bertini You Are the Traffic Jam: Examination of Congestion Measures , 2006 .

[3]  Ariel Orda,et al.  Multipath routing algorithms for congestion minimization , 2007, IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw..

[4]  K. Schneider,et al.  Impact assessment of plug-in hybrid vehicles on pacific northwest distribution systems , 2008, 2008 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century.

[5]  Tim Roughgarden,et al.  Algorithmic Game Theory , 2007 .

[6]  Changhua Zhang,et al.  A novel approach for the layout of electric vehicle charging station , 2010, The 2010 International Conference on Apperceiving Computing and Intelligence Analysis Proceeding.

[7]  M. Pierre,et al.  Driving an electric vehicle. A sociological analysis on pioneer users , 2011 .

[8]  António Pais Antunes,et al.  Optimal Location of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles in a Neighborhood in Lisbon, Portugal , 2011 .

[9]  M. Sweet Does Traffic Congestion Slow the Economy? , 2011 .

[10]  Meryl P. Gardner,et al.  Willingness to pay for electric vehicles and their attributes , 2011 .

[11]  P. Cochat,et al.  Et al , 2008, Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie.

[12]  Claudio Casetti,et al.  Optimal deployment of charging stations for electric vehicular networks , 2012, UrbaNe '12.

[13]  Kara M. Kockelman,et al.  THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION LOCATION PROBLEM: A PARKING-BASED ASSIGNMENT METHOD FOR SEATTLE , 2013 .

[14]  Chao Wang,et al.  A spatio-temporal analysis of the impact of congestion on traffic safety on major roads in the UK , 2013 .

[15]  Fang He,et al.  Optimal deployment of public charging stations for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles , 2013 .

[16]  Milind Tambe,et al.  Computational Game Theory for Security : Progress and Challenges ∗ , 2013 .

[17]  Zhipeng Liu,et al.  Optimal Planning of Electric-Vehicle Charging Stations in Distribution Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[18]  Xiaowen Chu,et al.  Electric vehicle charging station placement , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm).

[19]  Bo An,et al.  Optimal Pricing for Improving Efficiency of Taxi Systems , 2013, IJCAI.

[20]  Xiaowen Chu,et al.  Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement: Formulation, Complexity, and Solutions , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[21]  Manish Jain,et al.  Computational Game Theory for Security and Sustainability , 2014, J. Inf. Process..

[22]  Stefan Funke,et al.  Placement of Loading Stations for Electric Vehicles: No Detours Necessary! , 2014, AAAI.

[23]  Bo An,et al.  Optimizing Efficiency of Taxi Systems: Scaling-up and Handling Arbitrary Constraints , 2015, AAMAS.