Magnetic fluid-based photonic crystal fiber for temperature sensing

Abstract. A temperature-sensor is presented based on the solid core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) infiltrated with the magnetic fluid (MF) in all or some parts of the cladding air holes with the help of the syringe injection technique. The 8.5-cm length of the proposed PCF sensor is used. A Mach–Zehnder interferometer modal is used for the detection process. The applied temperature is given in a range from 25.6°C to 100.1°C. The calculated outcome justifies that a very clear interference spectrum is obtained between the change of the refractive index of the MF and the temperature. From the experimental outputs, the temperature sensitivity of the intended PCF is −0.38  nm  /    °  C, and at high temperature, it achieves 0.176  nm  /    °  C. The MF has great sensitivity at high temperature. This proposed sensing system may find potential applications in medical science and industry.

[1]  Gregory F. Strouse,et al.  Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer Calibrations from the Ar TP to the Ag FP , 2008 .

[2]  M. Ding,et al.  High-sensitivity thermometer based on singlemode-multimode FBG-singlemode fiber , 2017 .

[3]  P. Russell.  Photonic Crystal Fibers , 2003, Science.

[4]  Ying Wang,et al.  Selectively Infiltrated PCF for Directional Bend Sensing With Large Bending Range , 2015, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[5]  Kyung-Il Joo,et al.  A PDMS-Coated Optical Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Enhancing Temperature Sensitivity , 2011 .

[6]  D N Wang,et al.  Fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer constructed by selective infiltration of two air holes in photonic crystal fiber. , 2011, Optics letters.

[7]  P. J. Escamilla-Ambrosio,et al.  Temperature sensing through long period fiber gratings mechanically induced on tapered optical fibers. , 2017, Applied optics.

[8]  Miguel Torres-Cisneros,et al.  Optical fiber temperature sensor based on a microcavity with polymer overlay. , 2016, Optics express.

[9]  Xun Hou,et al.  Compact bending sensor based on a fiber Bragg grating in an abrupt biconical taper. , 2015, Optics express.

[10]  Jens Kobelke,et al.  Multimodal Interferometer Based on a Suspended Core Fiber for Simultaneous Measurement of Physical Parameters , 2015, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[11]  Ling Li,et al.  A Thermally Annealed Mach-Zehnder Interferometer for High Temperature Measurement , 2014, Sensors.

[12]  Orlando Fraz.  Optical sensing with photonic crystal fibers , 2008 .

[13]  Zhifang Wu,et al.  Twin-resonance-coupling and high sensitivity sensing characteristics of a selectively fluid-filled microstructured optical fiber. , 2013, Optics express.

[14]  Richard Lwin,et al.  Refractive index sensor based on a polymer fiber directional coupler for low index sensing. , 2014, Optics express.

[15]  Fufei Pang,et al.  All-Fiber Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Hollow Optical Fiber and Magnetic Fluid , 2017, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[16]  Yong Zhao,et al.  Sensitivity-enhanced temperature sensor based on PDMS-coated long period fiber grating , 2016 .

[17]  Chin-Ping Yu,et al.  All-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on two liquid infiltrations in a photonic crystal fiber. , 2015, Optics express.

[18]  Elfed Lewis,et al.  Novel optical fiber SPR temperature sensor based on MMF-PCF-MMF structure and gold-PDMS film. , 2018, Optics express.

[19]  Benjamin J. Eggleton,et al.  Ultra-sensitive photonic crystal fiber refractive index sensor , 2009 .

[20]  Jinping Ou,et al.  Photonic crystal fiber long-period grating absorption gas sensor based on a tunable erbium-doped fiber ring laser , 2016 .

[21]  郑世杰.  Long-period fiber grating moisture sensor with nano-structured coatings for structural health monitoring , 2015 .

[22]  Weihong Bi,et al.  Temperature Insensitive Vector Bending Sensor Based on Asymmetrical Cascading SMF-PCF-SMF Structure , 2017, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[23]  Lin Htein,et al.  Microstructured Optical Fiber Sensors , 2017, Journal of Lightwave Technology.