Paramagnetic electronic structure of CrSBr: Comparison between ab initio GW theory and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

We explore the electronic structure of paramagnetic CrSBr by comparative first principles calculations and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We theoretically approximate the paramagnetic phase using a supercell hosting spin configurations with broken long-range order and applying quasiparticle self-consistent $GW$ theory, without and with the inclusion of excitonic vertex corrections to the screened Coulomb interaction (QS$GW$ and QS$G\hat{W}$, respectively). Comparing the quasi-particle band structure calculations to angle-resolved photoemission data collected at 200 K results in excellent agreement. This allows us to qualitatively explain the significant broadening of some bands as arising from the broken magnetic long-range order and/or electronic dispersion perpendicular to the quasi two-dimensional layers of the crystal structure. The experimental band gap at 200 K is found to be at least 1.51 eV at 200 K. At lower temperature, no photoemission data can be collected as a result of charging effects, pointing towards a significantly larger gap, which is consistent with the calculated band gap of $\approx$ 2.1 eV.

[1]  Zdenek Sofer,et al.  Probing Defects and Spin‐Phonon Coupling in CrSBr via Resonant Raman Scattering , 2022, Advanced Functional Materials.

[2]  Pu Chang,et al.  Strong Spin-Phonon Coupling in Two-Dimensional Magnetic Semiconductor CrSBr , 2022, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C.

[3]  M. Rohlfing,et al.  The Bulk van der Waals Layered Magnet CrSBr is a Quasi-1D Material. , 2022, ACS nano.

[4]  Michael E. Ziebel,et al.  Coupling between magnetic order and charge transport in a two-dimensional magnetic semiconductor , 2021, Nature Materials.

[5]  A. Morpurgo,et al.  Dynamic magnetic crossover at the origin of the hidden-order in van der Waals antiferromagnet CrSBr , 2022, Nature Communications.

[6]  A. Morpurgo,et al.  Quasi‐1D Electronic Transport in a 2D Magnetic Semiconductor , 2022, Advanced materials.

[7]  Michael E. Ziebel,et al.  Exciton-coupled coherent magnons in a 2D semiconductor , 2022, Nature.

[8]  M. Katsnelson,et al.  Excitons in Bulk and Layered Chromium Tri-Halides: From Frenkel to the Wannier-Mott Limit , 2021, 2110.08174.

[9]  F. Ross,et al.  Atomistic spin textures on-demand in the van der Waals layered magnet CrSBr , 2021, 2107.00037.

[10]  M. Katsnelson,et al.  Importance of charge self-consistency in first-principles description of strongly correlated systems , 2021, npj Computational Materials.

[11]  Xiaodong Xu,et al.  Interlayer electronic coupling on demand in a 2D magnetic semiconductor , 2021, Nature Materials.

[12]  C. Nuckolls,et al.  Magnetic Order and Symmetry in the 2D Semiconductor CrSBr. , 2020, Nano letters.

[13]  Xiaodong Xu,et al.  Layered Antiferromagnetism Induces Large Negative Magnetoresistance in the van der Waals Semiconductor CrSBr , 2020, Advanced materials.

[14]  Xiaofeng Qian,et al.  Electrically tunable high Curie temperature two-dimensional ferromagnetism in van der Waals layered crystals , 2018 .

[15]  Peng Wang,et al.  Screening and Design of Novel 2D Ferromagnetic Materials with High Curie Temperature above Room Temperature. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[16]  Cong Wang,et al.  A family of high-temperature ferromagnetic monolayers with locked spin-dichroism-mobility anisotropy: MnNX and CrCX (X = Cl, Br, I; C = S, Se, Te). , 2018, Science bulletin.

[17]  Yuanbo Zhang,et al.  Gate-tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism in two-dimensional Fe3GeTe2 , 2018, Nature.

[18]  Michael A. McGuire,et al.  Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit , 2017, Nature.

[19]  S. Louie,et al.  Discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in two-dimensional van der Waals crystals , 2017, Nature.

[20]  P. Hofmann,et al.  Band dispersion in the deep 1s core level of|[nbsp]|graphene , 2010, 1001.4761.

[21]  S. Hoffmann,et al.  An undulator-based spherical grating monochromator beamline for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy , 2004 .

[22]  G. Kresse,et al.  Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set , 1996 .

[23]  A. Alú,et al.  The bulk van der Waals layered magnet CrSBr is a quasi-1D quantum material , 2022 .

[24]  S. Luryi,et al.  Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A247 (1986) 141-145 141 North-Holland, Amsterdam A GENERAL SOFTWARE MODULE FOR CAMAC, EQUIPMENT AND COMPOSITE VARIABLE CONTROL A. DANEELS and P. SKAREK , 2000 .

[25]  M. Farle,et al.  Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials , 2022 .