The Torsion Submodule of A Cyclic Module Splits Off

A prominent question in the study of modules over an integral domain has been: “When is the torsion submodule t(A) of a module A a direct summand of A?” A module is said to split when its torsion module is a direct summand. Clearly, every cyclic module over an integral domain splits. Interesting splitting problems have been explored by Kaplansky [14; 15], Rotman [20], Chase [4], and others. Recently, many concepts of torsion have been proposed for modules over arbitrary associative rings with identity. Two of the most important of these concepts are Goldie's torsion theory (see [1; 12; 22]) and the simple torsion theory (see [5; 6; 8; 9; 23], and their references).