We present results from the first large-scale study of two-flavor QCD using domain wall fermions (DWF), a chirally symmetric fermion formulation which has been proven to be very effective in the quenched approximation. We work on lattices of size 16{sup 3}x32, with a lattice cutoff of a{sup -1}{approx_equal}1.7 GeV and dynamical (or sea) quark masses in the range m{sub strange}/2 < or approx. m{sub sea} < or approx. m{sub strange}. After discussing the algorithmic and implementation issues involved in simulating dynamical DWF, we report on the low-lying hadron spectrum, decay constants, static quark potential, and the important kaon weak matrix element describing indirect CP violation in the standard model, B{sub K}. In the latter case we include the effect of nondegenerate quark masses (m{sub s}{ne}m{sub u}=m{sub d}), finding B{sub K}{sup MS}(2 GeV)=0.495(18)