Rapid quantitative determination of hydrogen peroxide using an electrochemical sensor based on PtNi alloy/CeO2 plates embedded in N-doped carbon nanofibers

Abstract Novel enzyme mimic materials with excellent analytical properties and stable structure are essential for detecting H2O2 in many fields. In the present work, we prepare PtNi alloy/CeO2 plates/N-doped carbon nanofibers (PtNi/CeO2/NCNFs) via heat-treating the electrospun nanofiber hybrid of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and inorganic metal salts. Structural analysis indicate that PtNi alloy nanoparticles disperse on or around CeO2 nanoplates and PtNi alloy/CeO2 plates uniformly embed in porous NCNFs. A possible formation mechanism of PtNi alloy/CeO2 plates in NCNFs is put forward based on the electrostatic interaction of Ce3+, P t C l 6 2 − and Ni2+. The special structure of PtNi/CeO2/NCNFs can initiate the synergistic effect and enhance its enzyme-like electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of H2O2. The PtNi/CeO2/NCNFs-based sensor displays outstanding performances for H2O2 detection with wide linear range of 0.5 μM–15 mM, high sensitivity of 345.0 μA mM−1 cm−2, low detection limit of 0.025 μM, high selectivity and anti-interference. Besides, the sensor possesses superior reproducibility and good stability. The RSD value of response current obtained from five parallel experiments is evaluated to be 2.36% and PtNi/CeO2/NCNFs-GCE can still remain 98.5% of the initial response current value after being stored at 25 °C for 15 days. More importantly, the constructed sensor can be applied to detection of H2O2 content in cosmetics with satisfactory recovery (95.8%–103.8%) and low relative standard deviation ( 4.5%). These attractive properties make it possible for PtNi/CeO2/NCNFs to analyze H2O2 in real samples.

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