Engineering aspects of limestone weathering in Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract Devonian limestones are widespread in the eastern part of Istanbul, Turkey. To assess the influence of weathering on the geological and geomechanical characteristics of these rocks, research was carried out on some profiles from the study area. Field observations show that the weathering has been rapid and the bedrock has been weathered to a depth of up to 8 m. A model for the weathering of limestones is established and modifications proposed to the material and mass weathering schemes for characterisation of the limestone for engineering uses, as both foundation and construction material. The paper also presents the results of field and laboratory investigations, including weathering characteristics and physical and mechanical properties. Interrelationships were determined for all test results. It is concluded that chemical characteristics and the porosity are good indicators of weathering. Résumé Les calcaires Dévoniens sont largement représentés dans la partie est d'Istanbul (Turquie). Pour évaluer l'influence de l'altération sur les caractéristiques géologiques et géomécaniques de ces roches, une étude a été réalisée sur quelques profils d'une zone test. Les observations de terrain montrent que l'altération est rapide et la roche altérée jusqu'à huit mètres de profondeur. Dans cet article, un modèle d'altération des calcaires est présenté et sont proposées des modifications aux chartes de caractérisation de l'altération des matériaux et des masses rocheuses, pour leur usage comme matériau de fondation ou de construction. L'article présente aussi les résultats de travaux de terrain et de laboratoire, comprenant des paramètres d'altération et des propriétés physiques et mécaniques. Des corrélations ont été déterminées pour tous les résultats d'essais. On conclut que des caractéristiques chimiques et la porosité sont de bons indicateurs de l'altération.

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