Trellis tension monitoring improves yield estimation in vineyards.

Most yield estimation practices for commercial vineyards are based on longstanding but individually variable industry protocols that rely on hand-sampling fruit ononeor asmall numberof dates duringthe growingseason. Limitationsassociated with the static nature of yield estimation may be overcome by deployment of trellis tension monitors (TTMs), systems that provide dynamic measurement of changes in the tension of the main trellis support wire. In 10 commercial vineyards from which two commercial juice processors annually collect data to derive yield estimates, TTMs were installed. Processor and TTM data were subjected to three permutations of the basic linear computational approach to estimating yield and their accuracies evaluated given known harvested yield at various spatial scales. On average, TTM data produced more accurate estimates of actual yield than did the computational protocols of the juice processors. There was high vineyard-to-vineyard variability in the accuracy of the estimate under all approaches, even from those permutations designed to match the spatial scale of the data collected for yield estimation with the spatial scale of the actual harvested yield. The processor protocols appear to be more sensitive than the TTM approach to the selection of the antecedent years used for comparison with the current year's data. Trellis tension monitoring may be useful to supplant traditional, labor- intensive yield estimation practices or to supplement longstanding practices with real- time information that can be applied to dynamic revision of static yield estimates.