The Determination of Asteroid Proper Elements

Following a brief historical introduction, we first demonstrate that proper elements are quasiintegrals of motion and show how they are used to classify asteroids into families and study the long-term dynamics of asteroids. Then, we give a complete overview of the analytical, semianalytical, and synthetic theories for the determination of proper elements of asteroids, with a special emphasis on the comparative advantages/disadvantages of the methods, and on the accuracy and availability of the computed proper elements. We also discuss special techniques applied in some particular cases (mean motion and secular resonant bodies). Finally, we draw conclusions and suggest directions for future work.

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