Mineralogy of Saharan dust transported over northwestern tropical Atlantic Ocean in relation to source regions

[1] On the basis of daily Saharan dust samples collected at Sal Island (Cape Verde Archipelagos) and Barbados (Caribbean Sea) over 3 years, this study focuses on the mineralogical signature of the African sources providing dust over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. First, the sources of the collected dust were localized by using relative clays abundance (illite-to-kaolinite ratio) combined with Meteosat infrared imagery, horizontal visibility, and backward trajectories of dusty air masses. Then, each identified source was linked to a single value of the illite-to-kaolinite ratio. Those results highlight that the clay content of the emitted dust depends directly on both the latitude and the longitude of the source. Dust originating from northwestern sources exhibits illite-to-kaolinite ratios higher than those from Sahelian regions. Likewise, illite-to-kolinite ratio decreases from west to east.

[1]  H. Elderfield,et al.  Eolian dust along the eastern margins of the Atlantic Ocean , 1972 .

[2]  Robert J. Curran,et al.  The detection of dust storms over land and water with satellite visible and infrared measurements , 1974 .

[3]  F. Chung,et al.  Quantitative interpretation of X-ray diffraction patterns of mixtures. III. Simultaneous determination of a set of reference intensities , 1975 .

[4]  H. Windom.  Eolian contributions to marine sediments , 1975 .

[5]  K. Connor,et al.  Soil-sized eolian dusts from the lower troposphere of the eastern Mediterranean Sea , 1977 .

[6]  R. Chester,et al.  The influence of soil-sized atmospheric particulates on the elemental chemistry of the deep-sea sediments of the northeastern Atlantic , 1979 .

[7]  J. Prospero,et al.  Saharan aerosols over the tropical North Atlantic — Mineralogy , 1980 .

[8]  L. Schütz,et al.  LONG RANGE TRANSPORT OF DESERT DUST WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE SAHARA * , 1980 .

[9]  E. Mosley‐Thompson,et al.  Microparticle concentration variations linked with climatic change: evidence from polar ice cores. , 1981, Science.

[10]  A. Royer,et al.  Ice age aerosol content from East Antarctic ice core samples and past wind strength , 1981, Nature.

[11]  F. Bretherton,et al.  Cloud cover from high-resolution scanner data - Detecting and allowing for partially filled fields of view , 1982 .

[12]  R. Chester,et al.  Saharan dust incursion over the Tyrrhenian Sea , 1984 .

[13]  D. Rea,et al.  Geologic Approach to the Long-Term History of Atmospheric Circulation , 1985, Science.

[14]  P. Rognon,et al.  Étude de la dynamique de quelques lithométéores sahariens par Télédétection spatial , 1985 .

[15]  M. Desbois,et al.  Dust clouds over West Africa: a characterization by satellite data , 1985 .

[16]  G. d’Almeida,et al.  A model for Saharan dust transport , 1986 .

[17]  M. Sébert,et al.  Mineral aerosols and source identification , 1987 .

[18]  E. Mosley‐Thompson,et al.  Holocene—Late Pleistocene Climatic Ice Core Records from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau , 1989, Science.

[19]  M. Desbois,et al.  Present Transport and Deposition Patterns of African Dusts to the North-Western Mediterranean , 1989 .

[20]  L. Gomes.  Approche geochimique du soulevement des aerosols a l'interface sol-atmosphere en zone desertique , 1990 .

[21]  David W. Martin,et al.  Analysis of a trans-Atlantic Saharan dust outbreak based on satellite and GATE data , 1991 .

[22]  B. Hicks,et al.  The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean , 1991 .

[23]  C. Genthon,et al.  Simulations of desert dust and sea-salt aerosols in Antarctica with a general circulation model of the atmosphere , 1992 .

[24]  Michael Garstang,et al.  Saharan dust in the Amazon Basin , 1992 .

[25]  J. Jouzel,et al.  Paleoclimatic tracers: An investigation using an atmospheric general circulation model under ice age conditions: 2. Water isotopes , 1993 .

[26]  G. Coudé-Gaussen,et al.  Sédimentation éolienne et changements climatiques au Maroc atlantique entre les oueds Tensift et Massa (30-32°N) depuis 20 000 ans , 1993 .

[27]  L. Wilding,et al.  Characteristics of aeolian dusts in Niger, West Africa , 1993 .

[28]  Michel Legrand,et al.  Satellite-derived climatology of the Saharan aerosol , 1994, Remote Sensing.

[29]  J. Mattsson,et al.  Monitoring of Saharan dust fallout on Crete and its contribution to soil formation , 1995 .

[30]  Inez Y. Fung,et al.  Contribution to the atmospheric mineral aerosol load from land surface modification , 1995 .

[31]  Martin Heimann,et al.  The global atmospheric tracer model TM3 , 1995 .

[32]  François Dulac,et al.  An additional low layer transport of Sahelian and Saharan dust over the north-eastern Tropical Atlantic , 1995 .

[33]  E. Ganor,et al.  The Mineralogical and Chemical Properties and the Behaviour of Aeolian Saharan Dust Over Israel , 1996 .

[34]  L. Gomes,et al.  An improved procedure for the X-ray diffraction analysis of low-mass atmospheric dust samples , 1996 .

[35]  G. McTainsh,et al.  Sedimentological Characteristics of Saharan and Australian Dusts , 1996 .

[36]  E. Molinaroli.  Mineralogical Characterisation of Saharan Dust with a View to its Final Destination in Mediterranean Sediments , 1996 .

[37]  M. Ramonet,et al.  CO2 baseline concept in 3-D atmospheric transport models , 1996 .

[38]  A. Lacis,et al.  The influence on climate forcing of mineral aerosols from disturbed soils , 1996, Nature.

[39]  K. Voss,et al.  Dominance of mineral dust in aerosol light-scattering in the North Atlantic trade winds , 1996, Nature.

[40]  A. Avila,et al.  Mineralogical composition of African dust delivered by red rains over northeastern Spain , 1997 .

[41]  R. Chester,et al.  Saharan dust inputs to the western Mediterranean Sea: depositional patterns, geochemistry and sedimentological implications , 1997 .

[42]  Philippe Bousquet,et al.  Origins of African dust transported over the northeastern tropical Atlantic , 1997 .

[43]  Bernard Aumont,et al.  Modeling the atmospheric dust cycle: 2. Simulation of Saharan dust sources , 1997 .

[44]  M. Sabre.  Etude dynamique du processus d'emission de poussieres desertiques : impact sur le fractionnement physico-chimique entre sol et aerosol , 1997 .

[45]  V. Masson,et al.  Satellite climatology of African dust transport in the Mediterranean atmosphere , 1998 .

[46]  Irina N. Sokolik,et al.  Modeling the radiative characteristics of airborne mineral aerosols at infrared wavelengths , 1998 .

[47]  L. Gomes,et al.  Saharan dust: Clay ratio as a relevant tracer to assess the origin of soil‐derived aerosols , 1998 .

[48]  Sandy P. Harrison,et al.  Dust sources and deposition during the last glacial maximum and current climate: A comparison of model results with paleodata from ice cores and marine sediments , 1999 .

[49]  D. Tanré,et al.  Remote Sensing of Tropospheric Aerosols from Space: Past, Present, and Future. , 1999 .

[50]  M. Legrand,et al.  Determination of the wind speed threshold for the emission of desert dust using satellite remote sensing in the thermal infrared , 1999 .

[51]  O. Boucher,et al.  Uncertainties in assessing radiative forcing by mineral dust , 1998 .

[52]  Michel Legrand,et al.  Satellite detection of dust using the IR imagery of Meteosat: 1. Infrared difference dust index , 2001 .