With the rapid development of information technology, the extensive development of artificial intelligence and its successful applications in several industries have given rise to great imaginations of providing computer services to human beings once again. However, as the interface of information communication between humans and computers-human-computer interaction-has not been properly developed, the resulting bottleneck effect has become increasingly evident. The reasons for this can be summarized as follows: (1) lack of learning history of the development experience; and (2) changes in the application scenarios in the age of artificial intelligence result in new demands, which presents a huge challenge to human-computer interaction. This paper presents a review of the history of the development of human-computer interaction, focuses on the core issues of human-computer interaction, and summarizes the important theory of thoughts. Lastly, we present some necessary discussions and reflections on the future development of human-computer interaction.