Analysing qualitative data from virtual worlds: Using images and text mining

There is an increasing interest within both organisational and social contexts in virtual worlds and virtual reality platforms. Virtual worlds are highly graphical systems in which avatars interact with each other, and almost every event and conversation is logged and recorded. This presents new challenges for qualitative researchers in information systems. This paper addresses the challenges of analyzing the huge amounts of qualitative data that can be obtained from virtual worlds (both images and text). It addresses how images might be used in qualitative studies of virtual worlds, and proposes a new way to analyze textual data using a qualitative software tool called Leximancer. This paper illustrates these methods using a study of a social movement in a virtual world.

[1]  L. Costello,et al.  Netnography , 2017, Encyclopedia of Education and Information Technologies.

[2]  G. Walsham Actor-network theory and IS research: current status and future prospects , 1997 .

[3]  Tiru S. Arthanari,et al.  An Unorthodox Interpretive Approach in Information Systems Research: A Picture is Worth 1000 Words , 2009, ICIS.

[4]  Eleni Stroulia,et al.  Virtual worlds - past, present, and future: New directions in social computing , 2009, Decis. Support Syst..

[5]  Jon H. Rieger Rephotography for Documenting Social Change1 , 2011 .

[6]  Janet Wiles,et al.  Use of an automatic content analysis tool: A technique for seeing both local and global scope , 2009, Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud..

[7]  Andrew E. Smith,et al.  Evaluation of unsupervised semantic mapping of natural language with Leximancer concept mapping , 2006, Behavior research methods.

[8]  Luc Pauwels,et al.  An integrated conceptual framework for visual social research , 2011 .

[9]  Jason Rutter,et al.  Ethnographic Presence in a Nebulous Setting , 2005 .

[10]  Robert J. Moore,et al.  From 3D Space to Third Place: The Social Life of Small Virtual Spaces , 2009 .

[11]  Marta Indulska,et al.  How do practitioners use conceptual modeling in practice? , 2006, Data Knowl. Eng..

[12]  John P. Rice,et al.  Profiling Enterprise Risks in Large Computer Companies Using the Leximancer Software Tool , 2007 .

[13]  Mark W. Bell Toward a Definition of “Virtual Worlds” , 1970 .

[14]  C. Davidson,et al.  The Future of Learning Institutions in a Digital Age , 2009 .

[15]  Edward Castronova,et al.  Exodus to the Virtual World: How Online Fun Is Changing Reality , 2007 .

[16]  Gregory Stanczak Observing Culture and Social Life: Documentary Photography, Fieldwork, and Social Research , 2007 .

[17]  Steve Spencer,et al.  Visual Research Methods in the Social Sciences , 2010 .

[18]  Innisfree Mckinnon,et al.  Expanding Cartographic Practices in the Social Sciences , 2011 .

[19]  William Sims Bainbridge,et al.  Online Multiplayer Games , 2010, Online Multiplayer Games.

[20]  Dmitri Williams Why Game Studies Now? Gamers Don't Bowl Alone , 2006, Games Cult..

[21]  Geoff Walsham,et al.  GIS for District-Level Administration in India: Problems and Opportunities , 1999, MIS Q..

[22]  Theo van Leeuwen,et al.  Multimodality and Multimodal Research , 2020, The SAGE Handbook of Visual Research Methods.

[23]  M. Callon The Sociology of an Actor-Network: The Case of the Electric Vehicle , 1986 .

[24]  Michael D. Myers,et al.  The qualitative interview in IS research: Examining the craft , 2007, Inf. Organ..

[25]  Noel Scott,et al.  Use of Automated Content Analysis Techniques for Event Image Assessment , 2005 .

[26]  David Rooney,et al.  Knowledge, economy, technology and society: The politics of discourse , 2005, Telematics Informatics.

[27]  Tom Boellstorff Coming of Age in Second Life: An Anthropologist Explores the Virtually Human , 2008 .

[28]  D. Leidner,et al.  Stepping into the internet: new ventures in virtual worlds , 2011 .

[29]  J. Bisman,et al.  Interrogating accountability: An illustration of the use of Leximancer software for qualitative data analysis , 2010 .

[30]  Brad McKenna,et al.  The Co-Evolution of the "Social" and the "Technology": A Netnographic study of Social Movements in Virtual Worlds , 2012, ICIS.

[31]  R. Kozinets Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online , 2009 .

[32]  Cathy Urquhart,et al.  Building social media theory from case studies: A new frontier for IS research , 2012, ICIS.

[33]  Mark Klett,et al.  Repeat Photography in Landscape Research , 2011 .

[34]  P. D. Palmer,et al.  Exploring Attitudes to Financial Reporting in the Australian Not‐For‐Profit Sector , 2013 .