Multi-scale modelling of coastal, shelf and global ocean dynamics

Ocean circulation models based on triangular C-grid discretization are frequently employed to simulate coastal ocean dynamics on unstructured meshes. It is shown that on time and space scales dominated by slow geostrophic dynamics, this discretization tends to exhibit checkerboard noise in the field of horizontal velocity divergence and vertical velocity, respectively. The noise is linked to the geometry of triangular C-grid and is amplified in regimes that are close to geostrophic balance through the particular structure of the Coriolis operator. It can be partly suppressed in some cases but remains a problem in a general case and makes the triangular C-grid a suboptimal choice for large-scale ocean modeling.

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