Describing and predicting information-seeking behavior on the Web

ion/specification/complexity concrete/abstract; specific/unspecific; faceted/non-faceted and the number of facets (Hert & Marchionini, 1998) 682 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY—April 2009 DOI: 10.1002/asi obtain, that is, types of information needed in terms of context and content (Graesser & Person, 1993; Robinson & Rackshaw, 1972). This criterion is also related to the interrogative nature of questions and how questions are expressed (Graesser & Murachver, 1985), and it is often subclassified, based on answer type, into number, person, location, date, etc., in a question-answering information retrieval evaluation (Moldovan et al., 1997). Additional classifications for search tasks came from Robinson and Rackstraw’s (1972) distinction between “open” and “closed” and Meadow’s (1992) distinction between “specific” and “general” information. Given an open search task, users need to delineate a general goal into concrete search goals and then consider and integrate information from several sources. A closed search task, however, normally has a definite correct answer. So search task structure can be determined by the quantity and specificity of information required.

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