Role of Baduanjin exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: This study aimed to explore the effects of Baduanjin-based cardiac rehabilitation on cardiac function and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: PubMed, the Excerpta Medica Database, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, the Wanfang, SINOMED, the China Science and Technology Journal Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for appropriate articles from their respective inception until March 30, 2021. Meta-analysis was conducted with the RevMan 5.3 software. Results: A total of 11 studies including 1025 patients were considered. Compared with conventional Western medicine, Baduanjin improved the left ventricular ejection fraction of patients [mean difference (MD) = 2.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.05, 3.61), P < .00001], increased the Seattle angina questionnaire and SF-36 health survey scale scores [MD = 6.67, 95% CI (4.09, 9.26), P < .00001; standard mean difference  = 0.73, 95% CI (0.55, 0.91), P < .00001, respectively] and decreased the scores of Zung self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale [MD = –6.64, 95% CI (–7.69, –5.22), P < .00001; MD = –6.63, 95% CI (–7.60, –5.66), P < .00001, respectively]. Conclusion: Our findings showed that Baduanjin exercise improved cardiac function and quality of life and alleviated patients’ anxiety and depression.