Incremental variational principles and finite element models for nonlinear problems

Abstract The classical variational principles are formulated for nonlinear problems by considering incremental deformations of a continuum. Associated finite element models are derived, adopting the terminology introduced by Pian for classification of linear finite element models. It is demonstrated how the classical incremental variational principles can be modified by relaxing the continuity requirements between adjoining elements. Nonlinear hybrid finite element models arising from such modifications are discussed.

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