Representing and integrating multiple calendars

Whenever humans refer to time, they do so with respect to a speciic underlying calendar. So do most software applications. However, most theoretical models of time refer to time with respect to the integers (or reals). Thus, there is a mismatch between the theory and the application of temporal reasoning. To lessen this gap, we propose a formal, theoretical deenition of a calendar and show how one may specify dates, time points, time intervals, as well as sets of time points, in terms of constraints with respect to a given calendar. Furthermore, when multiple applications using diierent calendars wish to work together, there is a need to integrate those calendars together into a single, uniied calendar. We show how this can be done.