ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SELECTED PLANTS USED BY POPULATIONS FROM JURUENA VALLEY, LEGAL AMAZON, BRAZIL

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate selected Brazilian plants from Juruena valley region of Mato Grosso, for their in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Methods: The powder obtained from different parts of the twenty-six (26) plants were macerated in hydroethanolic solution to obtain the extracts. The hydroethanolic extracts were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity by determining the MIC using broth microdilution. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitric oxide (NO) methods were used for the determination of antioxidant activities. Correlation between classes of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity was assessed. Results: Phanera glabra extract (HEPg) showed broad antibacterial spectrum, presenting the best activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae . Hevea microphylla extract (HEHm) presented a narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity with strong effect against Shigella flexneri . The only plant with broad spectrum antifungal activity was Bertholletia excelsa (HEBe), with moderate activity against strains of Aspergillus and Candida . The following extracts were prominent regarding their activities in the DPPH and FRAP assays-HEBe,  Cariniana rubra (HECr) and in the FRAP assay alone,  Cedrela odorata  (HECo) and HEPg. None of the extracts was active in the NO assay. A significant association was observed between DPPH activity and the total phenolic contents. Conclusion: Our results justified the use of some of the investigated plants in the Brazilian ethnomedicine. The antibacterial activities of these plants are bacteriostatic in nature. These findings support that a number of investigated plants could be a valuable source of new antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds that can potentially deliver novel mechanisms of actions.However, further studies are required.

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