Two-Level Graph Grammars

Two-level graph grammars (2GG) combine the concepts of (one-level) graph grammars — as defined by PRATT — and of two-level (string) grammars — as introduced by v. WIJNGAARDEN for the formal definition of ALGOL 68. 2GG's settle both the inadequacies of one-level graph grammars and of two-level string grammars, the former resulting from the lack of parameters, the latter from the general lack of structure of string manipulation systems. As a field of application of 2GG's, the formal description of programming languages is focussed.