Potassium catalytic hydrogen production in sorption enhanced gasification of biomass with steam

Sorption enhanced gasification (SEG) of biomass with steam was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor to elucidate the effects of temperature, catalyst type and loading on hydrogen production. K2CO3, CH3COOK and KCl were chosen as potassium catalyst precursors to improve carbon conversion efficiency in gasification process. It was indicated that from 600 °C to 700 °C, the addition of K2CO3 or CH3COOK catalyzed the gasification for hydrogen production, and hydrogen yield and carbon conversion increased with increasing catalyst loadings of K2CO3 or CH3COOK. However, the hydrogen yield and carbon conversion decreased as the amount of KCl was increased due to inhibition of KCl on gasification. The maximum carbon conversion efficiency (88.0%) was obtained at 700 °C corresponding to hydrogen yield of 73.0 vol.% when K2CO3 of 20 wt.% K loading was used. In particular, discrepant catalytic performance was observed between K2CO3 and CH3COOK at different temperatures and the corresponding mechanism was also discussed.

[1]  H. Schafer.  Pyrolysis of brown coals. 2. Decomposition of acidic groups on heating in the range 100–900 °C , 1979 .

[2]  John M. Saber,et al.  A mechanism for sodium oxide catalyzed CO2 gasification of carbon , 1988 .

[3]  Fred Shafizadeh,et al.  Role of inorganic additives in the smoldering combustion of cotton cellulose , 1982 .

[4]  M. K. Karmakar,et al.  Generation of hydrogen rich gas through fluidized bed gasification of biomass. , 2011, Bioresource technology.

[5]  M. Aznar,et al.  Biomass gasification in atmospheric and bubbling fluidized bed: effect of the type of gasifying agent on the product distribution , 1999 .

[6]  A. Bell,et al.  Effect of alkali metal catalysts on gasification of coal char , 1978 .

[7]  Huang Hao,et al.  Hydrogen rich fuel gas production by gasification of wet biomass using a CO2 sorbent , 2009 .

[8]  F. Shadman,et al.  Catalytic effect of potassium on the rate of char-CO2 gasification , 1983 .

[9]  Jie Wang,et al.  Steam gasification of coal char catalyzed by K2CO3 for enhanced production of hydrogen without formation of methane , 2009 .

[10]  G. N. Richards,et al.  Potassium catalysis in air gasification of cellulosic chars , 1990 .

[11]  Adam Smoliński,et al.  Steam gasification of energy crops of high cultivation potential in Poland to hydrogen-rich gas , 2011 .

[12]  D. Y. Goswami,et al.  An experimental study of hydrogen production by gasification of biomass in the presence of a CO2 sorbent , 2007 .

[13]  Qinhui Wang,et al.  Hydrogen production via CaO sorption enhanced anaerobic gasification of sawdust in a bubbling fluidized bed , 2011 .

[14]  K. Cen,et al.  Thermodynamic analysis of a biomass anaerobic gasification process for hydrogen production with sufficient CaO. , 2007 .

[15]  J. Moulijn,et al.  On the mechanism of the potassium carbonate catalysed gasification of activated carbon: the influence of the catalyst concentration on the reactivity and selectivity at low steam pressures , 1983 .

[16]  Tamara L. Church,et al.  Hydrogen synthesis from biomass pyrolysis with in situ carbon dioxide capture using calcium oxide , 2011 .

[17]  Prabir Basu,et al.  An investigation into steam gasification of biomass for hydrogen enriched gas production in presence of CaO , 2010 .

[18]  Toshiyuki Suda,et al.  Distinctive effects of CaO additive on atmospheric gasification of biomass at different temperatures , 2005 .

[19]  T. Natsuki,et al.  One-step preparation of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes , 2009 .

[20]  Alexander M Puziy,et al.  The properties of synthetic carbon derived from nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing polymer , 1998 .

[21]  Toshiaki Hanaoka,et al.  Hydrogen production from woody biomass by steam gasification using a CO2 sorbent , 2005 .

[22]  David D Jones,et al.  Steam-air fluidized bed gasification of distillers grains: Effects of steam to biomass ratio, equivalence ratio and gasification temperature. , 2009, Bioresource technology.

[23]  K. J. Hüttinger,et al.  Influence of the catalyst precursor anion in catalysis of water vapour gasification of carbon by potassium: 1. Activation of the catalyst precursors , 1986 .

[24]  Hermann Hofbauer,et al.  H2 rich product gas by steam gasification of biomass with in situ CO2 absorption in a dual fluidized bed system of 8 MW fuel input , 2009 .

[25]  D. Mckee.  Mechanisms of the alkali metal catalysed gasification of carbon , 1983 .

[26]  C. Maurel,et al.  Anion channels in higher plants: functional characterization, molecular structure and physiological role. , 2000, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[27]  Li-gang Wei,et al.  Hydrogen Production in Steam Gasification of Biomass with CaO as a CO2 Absorbent , 2008 .

[28]  L. T. Fan,et al.  Fluidized-bed steam gasification of rice hull , 1992 .

[29]  C. Mims,et al.  Alkali-catalyzed carbon gasification kinetics: unification of H2O, D2O, and CO2 reactivities , 1987 .

[30]  F. Shadman,et al.  Mechanism of potassium‐catalyzed carbon/CO2 reaction , 1986 .

[31]  L. T. Fan,et al.  Steam gasification of pure cellulose. 1. Uniform temperature profile , 1985 .

[32]  Y. Rogaume,et al.  Synthesis gas production by biomass pyrolysis: Effect of reactor temperature on product distribution , 2009 .

[33]  J. D. Lopez-Gonzalez,et al.  Reactivity of Spanish coal chars in dry air: Effect of the addition of potassium carbonate and acetate , 1987 .

[34]  Hiroyuki Hatano,et al.  Continuous experiment regarding hydrogen production by Coal/CaO reaction with steam (II) solid formation , 2006 .

[35]  Isabel Cabrita,et al.  The study of reactions influencing the biomass steam gasification process , 2003 .

[36]  Javier Herguido,et al.  Steam gasification of lignocellulosic residues in a fluidized bed at a small pilot scale. Effect of the type of feedstock , 1992 .

[37]  Nicholas H. Florin,et al.  Enhanced hydrogen production from biomass with in situ carbon dioxide capture using calcium oxide sorbents , 2008 .

[38]  C. M. Kinoshita,et al.  An experimental investigation of hydrogen production from biomass gasification , 1998 .

[39]  Hermann Hofbauer,et al.  In-Situ CO2-Absorption in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier to Produce a Hydrogen Rich Syngas , 2007 .

[40]  Bo Xiao,et al.  Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam gasification of char from biomass fast pyrolysis in a fixed-bed reactor: influence of temperature and steam on hydrogen yield and syngas composition. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[41]  José Corella,et al.  Steam gasification of cellulosic wastes in a fluidized bed with downstream vessels. , 1991 .

[42]  D. Y. Goswami,et al.  A Novel Approach to Enhance the Hydrogen Yield of Biomass Gasification Using CO2 Sorbent , 2008 .

[43]  Andrew B. Ross,et al.  Potassium catalysis in the pyrolysis behaviour of short rotation willow coppice , 2007 .

[44]  H. V. Wechem,et al.  Potassium-catalysed gasification of carbon with steam: a temperature-programmed desorption and Fourier Transform infrared study , 1981 .

[45]  D. Mckee,et al.  The catalyzed reaction of graphite with water vapor , 1978 .

[46]  Jun-ichiro Hayashi,et al.  Volatilisation of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species during the pyrolysis of biomass: differences between sugar cane bagasse and cane trash. , 2005, Bioresource technology.

[47]  Ultrathin supported graphite oxide and carbon films , 1998 .